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Shloka 20

Adhyāya 74 (Book 6, Bhīṣma-parva): Bhīma–Duryodhana re-engagement and afternoon escalation

भीष्म तोमर, नाराच और प्रास आदि धारण करनेवाले हाथीसवार, घुड़सवार तथा रथारोही योद्धाओंकी विशाल वाहिनीके साथ किरीटधारी अर्जुनसे भिड़ गये ।। आवन्त्य: काशिराजेन भीमसेनेन सैन्धव: । अजातशश्त्रुर्मद्राणामृषभेण यशस्विना

sañjaya uvāca | bhīṣmaḥ tomarān nārācān ca prāsādīn dhārayantaḥ hastisvārāḥ aśvasvārāḥ rathārohāś ca yoddhāḥ kirīṭadhāriṇam arjunam vipulāṃ vāhinīm āśritya samabhidudruvuḥ || āvantyaḥ kāśirājena bhīmasenena saindhavaḥ | ajātaśatruḥ madrāṇām ṛṣabheṇa yaśasvinā ||

Dengan pasukan besar penunggang gajah, kuda, dan kereta—bersenjata tomara, nārāca, dan tombak—Bhīṣma menerjang dan beradu dengan Arjuna sang pemakai mahkota. Di medan lain pun duel-duel yang ditetapkan terjadi: pangeran Avanti melawan raja Kāśī; Jayadratha dari Sindhu menekan Bhīmasena; dan Ajātaśatru Yudhiṣṭhira berhadapan dengan kesatria termasyhur, banteng di antara bangsa Madra.

आवन्त्यःthe king of Avanti (Avanti-ruler)
आवन्त्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआवन्त्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
काशिराजेनby the king of Kāśī
काशिराजेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकाशिराज
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
भीमसेनेनby Bhīmasena
भीमसेनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सैन्धवःthe Sindhu-king (Jayadratha)
सैन्धवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्धव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अजातशत्रुःAjātaśatru (Yudhiṣṭhira; 'one whose enemy is not born')
अजातशत्रुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअजातशत्रु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मद्राणाम्of the Madras
मद्राणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमद्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
ऋषभेणby the bull/chief (best one)
ऋषभेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootऋषभ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
यशस्विनाby the illustrious/famous (one)
यशस्विना:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootयशस्विन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīṣma
A
Arjuna
A
Avanti (Āvanti)
K
Kāśī (Kāśirāja)
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
S
Sindhu (Saindhava/Jayadratha)
A
Ajātaśatru (Yudhiṣṭhira)
M
Madra (Madrāḥ)
T
tomara (javelin)
N
nārāca (arrow)
P
prāsa (spear)
E
elephants
H
horses
C
chariots

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights kṣatriya-dharma in wartime: leaders and champions deliberately seek direct engagement with worthy opponents, accepting personal risk as part of duty. It also shows how individual valor operates within the larger, morally weighty catastrophe of war.

Sañjaya reports that Bhīṣma’s forces—elephant, cavalry, and chariot troops armed with heavy missiles—rush to engage Arjuna. Simultaneously, other key matchups form: the Avanti warrior fights the king of Kāśī; Jayadratha confronts Bhīma; and Yudhiṣṭhira (Ajātaśatru) faces a famed champion of the Madras.