Shloka 19
Adhyāya 70: Sātyaki’s Arrow-Display and the Bhūriśravas Engagement; Twilight Withdrawal
तपसा नियतो देवं विधान सर्वदेहिनाम्
tapasā niyato devaṃ vidhānaṃ sarvadehinām | yo manuṣyaḥ tapasyāṃ tatparaḥ saṃyama-niyamayoḥ pālanaṃ kurvan amāvāsyāṃ ca pūrṇimāyāṃ ca samasta-dehadhāriṇām āśrayaṃ brahma-yoga-svarūpaṃ bhagavantaṃ keśavaṃ ārādhayati sa paramaṃ padaṃ prāpnoti |
Bhishma berkata: “Seseorang yang ditempa oleh tapa, tekun dalam pertapaan, setia pada pengendalian diri dan laku-aturan—yang pada hari bulan baru dan bulan purnama memuja Dewa Keśava, sandaran segala makhluk berjasad, yang hakikat-Nya adalah Brahman dan Yoga—akan mencapai keadaan tertinggi.”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Disciplined austerity joined with ethical self-restraint (saṃyama) and observances (niyama), expressed as regular worship of Keshava—understood as the support of all beings and as Brahman/Yoga—leads to the highest attainment (parama pada), i.e., liberation or the supreme spiritual goal.
Bhishma is instructing by describing a religious-ethical practice: a devoted person performs tapas and follows restraints and observances, worshipping Keshava on the sacred lunar days of new moon and full moon; Bhishma states the fruit of this practice as attainment of the supreme state.