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Shloka 43

Chapter 51: Saṃdhyākāla-saṃhāra

Evening Withdrawal after Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

उत्तरं वै हतं दृष्टवा वैराटिग्भरातरं तदा । कृतवर्मणा च सहित दृष्टवा शल्यमवस्थितम्‌

uttaraṃ vai hataṃ dṛṣṭvā vairāṭi-bhrātaraṃ tadā | kṛtavarmaṇā ca sahitaṃ dṛṣṭvā śalyam avasthitam ||

Kemudian, melihat Uttara—saudara sang putri Virāṭa—telah gugur, dan melihat Śalya berdiri teguh bersama Kṛtavarman, (suasana perang kian muram dan mengeras).

उत्तरम्Uttara (name)
उत्तरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउत्तर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
हतम्slain
हतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formkta (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formktvā (absolutive/gerund)
वैराटिम्the Virāṭa princess (Uttarā)
वैराटिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवैराटी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
भ्रातरम्brother
भ्रातरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
कृतवर्मणाby Kṛtavarman
कृतवर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकृतवर्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सहितःaccompanied (together)
सहितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसहित
Formkta (used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formktvā (absolutive/gerund)
शल्यम्Śalya
शल्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशल्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अवस्थितम्standing/posted, stationed
अवस्थितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-स्था
Formkta (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
U
Uttara (Virāṭa prince)
U
Uttarā (Virāṭa princess) (implied by 'vairāṭī')
K
Kṛtavarman
Ś
Śalya
V
Virāṭa (dynastic reference via 'vairāṭī')

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical gravity of war: even noble lineages and youthful princes fall, while veteran warriors remain steadfast. It implicitly points to the Mahābhārata’s recurring reflection that victory and loss in battle carry profound human cost, testing resolve and dharma.

Sañjaya reports that Uttara, the brother of the Virāṭa princess (Uttarā), has been killed. At the same time, he notes Śalya standing in position, accompanied by Kṛtavarman—marking a shift in the battlefield situation as key figures are seen and assessed.