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Shloka 1

भीष्मपर्व — अध्याय ११०: पार्थभीमयोः प्रहारः तथा भीष्माभिमुखं संग्रामविस्तारः

Arjuna and Bhima’s pressure; escalation toward Bhishma

[दाक्षिणात्य अधिक पाठके ४ इ “लोक मिलाकर कुल ८९ ६ “लोक हैं।] नल + (0) आज अत+- सप्ताधिकशततमो< ध्याय: नवें दिनके है 52043/ 20% रातमें पाण्डवोंकी गुप्त मन्त्रणा तथा पाण्डवोंका भीष्मसे मिलकर उनके वधका उपाय जानना संजय उवाच युध्यतामेव तेषां तु भास्करे5स्तमुपागते । संध्या समभवद्‌ घोरा नापश्याम ततो रणम्‌,संजय कहते हैं--राजन्‌! कौरवों और पाण्डवोंके युद्ध करते समय ही सूर्यदेव अस्ताचलको चले गये और भयंकर संध्याकाल आ गया। फिर हमलोगोंने युद्ध नहीं देखा

sajaya uv01ca |

yudhyat01m eva te630143 tu bh01skare 'stam up01gate |

sa43dhy01 samabhavad ghor01 n01pa5by01ma tato ra47am ||

Sanjaya berkata: Wahai Raja, ketika Kaurava dan Pāṇḍava masih bertempur, Sang Surya pun tenggelam. Senja yang mengerikan turun, dan setelah itu kami tak lagi dapat melihat pertempuran.

संजयःSanjaya
संजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
युध्यताम्while the two were fighting / let the two fight
युध्यताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormPresent, Imperative, Third, Dual, Atmanepada
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
तुbut, however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
भास्करेwhen the sun (was)
भास्करे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभास्कर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अस्तम्to setting (to the west)
अस्तम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअस्तम्
उपागतेhaving gone/approached (i.e., when it had set)
उपागते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootउप-गम्
FormPast active participle (kta), Masculine, Locative, Singular
सन्ध्याtwilight
सन्ध्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसन्ध्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
समभवत्arose, came to be
समभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-भू
FormImperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
घोराterrible
घोरा:
TypeAdjective
Rootघोर
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपश्यामwe saw
अपश्याम:
TypeVerb
Rootपश्
FormImperfect, First, Plural, Parasmaipada
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
रणम्the battle
रणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sajaya
K
King (Dh5btar01636dra, implied addressee)
K
Kauravas (implied by 'of them' in context)
P
P01470davas (implied by 'of them' in context)
B
Bh01skara (the Sun)
S
Sa43dhy01 (twilight)

Educational Q&A

Even the most intense human conflict is bounded by cosmic order: time (sunset and twilight) imposes limits on action and perception, reminding the listener that events unfold under forces larger than personal will.

Sanjaya reports to Dh5btar01636dra that as the armies continued fighting, the sun set and a frightening twilight arose; because of the darkness, they could no longer see the battle.