Shloka 9

Yuga-Lakṣaṇa and Varṣa-Pramāṇa Inquiry (युगलक्षण–वर्षप्रमाण–प्रश्न)

Devanagari script

जम्बूद्वीपप्रमाणेन द्विगुण: स नराधिप । विष्कम्भेण महाराज सागरो5डपि विभागश:

Transliteration

jambūdvīpapramāṇena dviguṇaḥ sa narādhipa | viṣkambheṇa mahārāja sāgaro 'pi vibhāgaśaḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya berkata: “Wahai Raja, menurut ukuran luasnya, wilayah itu dua kali sebesar Jambūdvīpa; dan wahai Maharaja, samudra yang mengelilinginya pun—sesuai pembagiannya—berukuran dua kali lipat pula.”

Word by Word

• जम्बूद्वीपप्रमाणेन: by the measure of Jambudvipa
• जम्बूद्वीपप्रमाणेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: जम्बूद्वीप-प्रमाण
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• द्विगुणः: double (in extent)
• द्विगुणः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्विगुण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सः: he/that (it)
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नराधिप: O king (lord of men)
• नराधिप: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: नराधिप
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• विष्कम्भेण: by breadth/diameter
• विष्कम्भेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्कम्भ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• महाराज: O great king
• महाराज: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• सागरः: the ocean/sea
• सागरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सागर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अपि: also/even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• विभागशः: in divisions; separately; according to division
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विभागशस्

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• narādhipa (the king, i.e., Dhṛtarāṣṭra as addressee)
• Jambūdvīpa
• sāgara (ocean)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse conveys that the world is described through proportion and orderly measurement: lands and their oceans are presented as systematically related (here, ‘double’ by measure and breadth), reflecting a cosmos governed by intelligible structure.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya is reporting to the king a cosmographical detail: a certain region (and its ocean) is said to be twice the measure of Jambūdvīpa, with the ocean’s extent likewise described according to its divisions.