Shloka 51

Adhyāya 51: Kṛṣṇa’s Leave-Taking and Departure for Dvārakā (द्वारकागमनानुमति)

Devanagari script

वैशम्पायन उवाच इत्युक्तवचन कृष्णं प्रत्युवाच धनंजय: । गच्छावो नगरं कृष्ण गजसाह्दयमद्य वै

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca | ity uktavacanaṃ kṛṣṇaṃ pratyuvāca dhanañjayaḥ | gacchāvo nagaraṃ kṛṣṇa gajasāhvayam adya vai |

Translation

Vaiśampāyana berkata: Mendengar ucapan Kṛṣṇa, Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) menjawab, “Wahai Kṛṣṇa, marilah hari ini juga kita pergi ke kota bernama Gajasāhvaya (Hastināpura). Di sana, setelah bertemu Raja Yudhiṣṭhira yang berjiwa dharma dan memperoleh izinnya, engkau patut berangkat menuju kotamu sendiri.”

Word by Word

• वैशम्पायनः: Vaishampayana
• वैशम्पायनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैशम्पायन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• इति: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• उक्तवचनम्: having spoken (those) words / addressed
• उक्तवचनम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उक्तवचन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• कृष्णम्: Krishna
• कृष्णम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• प्रति: towards / in reply to
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• धनंजयः: Dhananjaya (Arjuna)
• धनंजयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धनंजय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• गच्छावः: let us two go / we two go
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Present (Lat), 1st, Dual, Parasmaipada

• नगरम्: to the city
• नगरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: नगर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• कृष्ण: O Krishna
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• गजसाह्वयम्: called ‘Gaja’ (i.e., Hastinapura)
• गजसाह्वयम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गजसाह्वय
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अद्य: today / now
• अद्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य

• वै: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Kṛṣṇa
• Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
• Gajasāhvaya (Hastināpura)
• Yudhiṣṭhira

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even intimate allies and powerful figures act within dharma: decisions like departure and major actions are aligned with rightful authority (the king) and undertaken with permission, reflecting restraint, respect for order, and ethical governance.

What is happening in the narrative?

After Kṛṣṇa has spoken, Arjuna responds by proposing that they go to Hastināpura immediately, meet King Yudhiṣṭhira, and—after obtaining his consent—have Kṛṣṇa return to his own city.