Shloka 28
Adhyāya 51: Kṛṣṇa’s Leave-Taking and Departure for Dvārakā (द्वारकागमनानुमति)
अव्यक्तादिविशेषान्तमविद्यालक्षणं स्मृतम् । निबोधत तथा हीदं गुणैर्लक्षणमित्युत,अव्यक्तसे लेकर सोलह विशेषोंतक सभी अविद्याके लक्षण बताये गये हैं। ऐसा समझना चाहिये कि यह गुणोंका ही विस्तार है
avyaktādiviśeṣāntam avidyālakṣaṇaṃ smṛtam | nibodhata tathā hīdaṃ guṇair lakṣaṇam ity uta ||
Dari Yang Tak-Termanifest (Avyakta) hingga enam belas ‘kekhususan’, itulah yang diingat sebagai tanda penentu avidyā (ketidaktahuan). Ketahuilah pula: apa yang diuraikan di sini sesungguhnya berciri guṇa—sekadar perluasan dan permainan sifat-sifatnya.
वायुदेव उवाच
Educational Q&A
Ignorance (avidyā) is identified with the entire chain of manifestation—from the Unmanifest source to the differentiated set of principles (often counted as sixteen ‘particulars’). This domain is governed by the guṇas; bondage persists as long as one takes this guṇa-made field to be the Self.
Vāyudeva is instructing the listener in a Sāṅkhya-style analysis: he defines avidyā not merely as a mental error but as identification with prakṛti’s evolutes, emphasizing that the manifested world and its categories are expressions of the guṇas.