Shloka 393
Adhyāya 42 — Mahābhūta–Indriya–Adhyātma-Vyavasthā
Brahmā’s Instruction on Elements and Faculties
जातस्याध्ययन पुण्यमिति वृद्धानुशासनम् | कर्मके अनेक भेद हैं
jātasya adhyayanaṁ puṇyam iti vṛddhānuśāsanam | karmake aneka bhedāḥ santi, teṣu pūjā dānaṁ ca yajñe havanaṁ ca—ete pradhānāḥ | vṛddha-puruṣāṇāṁ kathanaṁ yat dvija-kule utpannasya puruṣasya veda-adhyayanaṁ api puṇyasya karma |
Vāyu-dewa bersabda: “Ajaran para sesepuh menyatakan: bagi seseorang yang terlahir (dalam garis dwija), belajar adalah perbuatan berpahala. Karma memiliki banyak ragam; yang utama ialah pemujaan, derma, dan mempersembahkan havis dalam yajña. Namun para bijak menegaskan bahwa bagi pria yang lahir dalam keturunan dwija, mempelajari Weda dengan disiplin pun merupakan karma kebajikan.”
वायुदेव उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse ranks key religious actions—worship, charity, and sacrificial oblations—as primary, while also affirming that for a twice-born person, disciplined Vedic study is itself a meritorious duty (puṇya-karma), validated by the authority of elders and tradition.
Vāyu-deva is speaking in an instructive mode, summarizing traditional ethical-religious guidance: he cites the elders’ teaching to define what counts as principal meritorious action and to emphasize the special dharma of Vedic study for those born in dvija lineages.