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Shloka 11

Brahma-vidyā: Satya–Tapas and the Enumeration of Tattvas

Arjuna–Vāsudeva framed dialogue

ब्रृहि धर्मविदां श्रेष्ठ परं कौतूहलं मम । मोक्षधर्मार्थकुशलो भवॉल्लोकेषु गीयते

śiṣya uvāca | brūhi dharmavidāṃ śreṣṭha paraṃ kautūhalaṃ mama | mokṣadharmārthakuśalo bhavāṃl lokeṣu gīyate | kaunakaunase mārgāḥ kalyāṇakaraṇāḥ? sarvottamaṃ sukhaṃ kim? pāpaṃ ca kiṃ pracakṣate? śreṣṭha vratabrata-ācaraṇakartṛn gurudeva! mamaite praśnāḥ yathārthataḥ samādhātuṃ tvam eva samarthaḥ | dharmajñeṣu śreṣṭha vipra! etad jñātuṃ mama manasi mahān autkaṇṭhyaḥ | asmin viṣaye etān praśnān tattvataḥ yathārthaṃ vaktuṃ tvadṛte nānyaḥ samarthaḥ | ataḥ tvam eva brūhi; yato loke mokṣadharmatatvajñāne tvam kuśala iti gīyase |

Sang murid berkata: “Wahai yang terbaik di antara para pemaham dharma, rasa ingin tahuku amat mendalam. Engkau termasyhur di dunia-dunia sebagai orang yang mahir dalam tujuan dan hakikat dharma menuju mokṣa. Jalan-jalan manakah yang sungguh membawa kesejahteraan? Apakah kebahagiaan tertinggi? Dan apakah yang disebut dosa? Wahai Guru yang mulia, teladan dalam laku tapa, ikrar, dan tata-krama—hanya engkaulah yang mampu menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan ini sebagaimana adanya. Wahai brahmana terkemuka, aku sangat berhasrat mengetahuinya. Dalam perkara ini, selain engkau tiada seorang pun yang sanggup menyatakan kebenaran pada intinya. Maka jelaskanlah sendiri, sebab engkau dipuji sebagai ahli dalam pengetahuan sejati tentang dharma yang menuntun pada pembebasan.”

ब्रूहिtell (me)
ब्रूहि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (धातु)
Formलोट् (imperative), 2, singular, परस्मैपद
धर्मविदाम्of the knowers of dharma
धर्मविदाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मविद्
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
श्रेष्ठO best
श्रेष्ठ:
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
परम्supreme, highest
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
Formneuter, accusative, singular
कौतूहलम्curiosity, eagerness
कौतूहलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकौतूहल
Formneuter, accusative, singular
ममmy, of me
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formgenitive, singular
मोक्षधर्मार्थकुशलःskilled in the purport of mokṣa-dharma
मोक्षधर्मार्थकुशलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमोक्षधर्मार्थकुशल
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
भवान्you (honorific)
भवान्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
लोकेषुin the worlds, among people
लोकेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
Formmasculine, locative, plural
गीयतेis sung/praised, is spoken of
गीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootगै (धातु)
Formलट् (present), 3, singular, कर्मणि (passive)

शिष्य उवाच

Ś
śiṣya (disciple)
G
gurudeva (teacher)
V
vipra (brāhmaṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a classical ethical inquiry: the disciple seeks authoritative guidance on (1) welfare-producing paths (kalyāṇa-mārga), (2) the highest form of happiness, and (3) what constitutes sin (pāpa). It establishes mokṣa-dharma as the lens for answering—truthful, essential understanding leading toward liberation.

A disciple respectfully addresses a renowned teacher, praising his mastery of mokṣa-dharma and urging him to answer pressing questions. The scene sets up a didactic exchange where the teacher is about to expound on right paths, supreme happiness, and the nature of wrongdoing.