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Shloka 42

Mokṣa-dharma Yoga-Upadeśa: Equanimity, Sense-Restraint, and Vision of the Ātman (आत्मदर्शन-योगोपदेशः)

कुतो वायं प्रश्नसिति उच्छवसित्यपि वा पुनः । कं च देशमधिष्ठाय तिष्ठत्यात्मायमात्मनि,“यह जीव कैसे साँस लेता, कैसे उच्छवास खींचता और किस स्थानमें रहकर इस शरीरमें सदा विद्यमान रहता है?

kuto vāyaṃ praśna iti ucchvasiti api vā punaḥ | kaṃ ca deśam adhiṣṭhāya tiṣṭhaty ātmāyam ātmani ||

Dari manakah makhluk ini menarik napas masuk, dan bagaimana pula ia menghembuskan napas keluar? Dan dengan bersemayam pada ‘tempat’ yang mana, sang ātman ini tetap hadir di dalam diri yang berjasad?

कुतःfrom where/whence
कुतः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकुतस्
Forminterrogative adverb (ablatival sense: 'from where/whence')
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
Formparticle (alternative)
अयम्this (one)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
प्राणःbreath; vital air
प्राणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
Formquotative particle
उच्छ्वसितिbreathes out; exhales
उच्छ्वसिति:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-श्वस्
Formpresent (lat), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
अपिalso; even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
Formparticle (also/even)
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
Formparticle (alternative)
पुनःagain; further
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
Formadverb
कम्which (one)? what?
कम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formmasculine/neuter, accusative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formconjunction
देशम्place; region
देशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेश
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
अधिष्ठायhaving occupied; having taken position in
अधिष्ठाय:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-स्था
Formabsolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), 'having presided over/occupying'
तिष्ठतिstands; remains
तिष्ठति:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
Formpresent (lat), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
आत्माself; soul
आत्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अयम्this (one)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
आत्मनिin the self; in oneself
आत्मनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
Formmasculine, locative, singular

ब्राह्मण उवाच

ब्राह्मण (the Brahmin speaker)
आत्मा (Self)
प्रश्न/प्राण (in-breath)
उच्छ्वास (out-breath)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a philosophical inquiry into the relation between the life-breath (inhalation and exhalation) and the abiding Self: breath is treated as a functional sign of life, while the question presses deeper—what is the underlying locus and principle by which the embodied being persists.

A Brahmin interlocutor poses probing questions about how a living being breathes and where the Self ‘resides’ within the body, setting up a reflective discussion on inner reality beyond mere physical processes.