Shloka 45

Devanagari script

विपरीतकश्न मे शत्रुर्नियम्यश्न भवेन्नर: । राजा युधिष्ठिर बड़े दयालु थे। वे सदा प्रसन्न रहकर अपने भाइयों और मन्त्रियोंसे कहा करते थे कि “ये राजा धृतराष्ट्र मेरे और आपलोगोंके माननीय हैं। जो इनकी आज्ञाके अधीन रहता है, वही मेरा सुहृद्‌ है। विपरीत आचरण करनेवाला मेरा शत्रु है। वह मेरे दण्डका भागी होगा

Transliteration

vaiparītakṛc ca me śatrur niyamyaś ca bhaven naraḥ |

Translation

Waiśampāyana berkata: “Siapa yang bertindak berlawanan dengan titahku adalah musuhku; tetapi siapa yang menahan diri dan tetap berada dalam disiplin, dialah sahabatku.” Yudhiṣṭhira yang penuh kasih berulang-ulang mengingatkan saudara dan para menterinya: “Dhṛtarāṣṭra patut dimuliakan; menaati perintah beliau adalah dharma, sedangkan menentangnya patut dihukum.”

Word by Word

• {'vaiparītakṛt': 'one who acts oppositely

• a contrarian, disobedient person', 'ca': 'and', 'me': 'my', 'śatruḥ': 'enemy', 'niyamyaḥ': 'one who is restrained/controlled

• disciplined, obedient', 'bhavet': 'would be

• becomes', 'naraḥ': 'man

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Respect for rightful authority and elders is presented as a practical expression of dharma: disciplined obedience sustains social order, while willful contrariness is treated as hostility and becomes liable to punishment.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana reports Yudhiṣṭhira’s stance toward Dhṛtarāṣṭra after the war: he instructs brothers and ministers to honor the elder king, defining friends as those who follow Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s directives and enemies as those who oppose them.