Shloka 32

धृतराष्ट्र-सत्कारः तथा श्राद्ध-दाने नियमनम् | Honoring Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Regulating Śrāddha-Gifts

Devanagari script

विपरीतकश्न मे शत्रुर्नियम्यश्न भवेन्नर: । राजा युधिष्ठिर बड़े दयालु थे। वे सदा प्रसन्न रहकर अपने भाइयों और मन्त्रियोंसे कहा करते थे कि “ये राजा धृतराष्ट्र मेरे और आपलोगोंके माननीय हैं। जो इनकी आज्ञाके अधीन रहता है, वही मेरा सुहृद्‌ है। विपरीत आचरण करनेवाला मेरा शत्रु है। वह मेरे दण्डका भागी होगा

Transliteration

vaiparītyakṛc ca me śatrur niyamyaś ca bhaven naraḥ |

Translation

Waiśampāyana berkata: “Barangsiapa bertindak berlawanan dengan perintahku, dialah musuhku; tetapi siapa menahan diri dan hidup dalam kepatuhan, ia dihitung sebagai orangku sendiri.” Dengan semangat demikian, Raja Yudhiṣṭhira yang penuh welas asih, dengan tenang dan wajah berseri, kerap berkata kepada saudara-saudara serta para menterinya: “Raja Dhṛtarāṣṭra patut dimuliakan olehku dan oleh kalian semua. Siapa tunduk pada titah beliau, dialah sahabat setiaku; siapa membangkang, dialah musuhku dan akan menanggung hukumanku.”

Word by Word

• {'vaiparītya-kṛt': 'one who acts oppositely

• a contrarian, disobedient person', 'me': 'of me

• my', 'śatruḥ': 'enemy', 'niyamya': 'having restrained (oneself)

• acting under discipline', 'ca': 'and', 'bhavet': 'would be

• becomes', 'naraḥ': 'man

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• brothers of Yudhiṣṭhira
• ministers

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse frames ethical governance in terms of discipline and obedience: self-restraint and compliance with rightful authority mark a person as a friend, while deliberate contrariness is treated as enmity and becomes liable to punishment.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana reports Yudhiṣṭhira’s policy and attitude after the war: he instructs his brothers and ministers to honor Dhṛtarāṣṭra as an elder and to regard obedience to the elder king’s commands as the standard of loyalty, while warning that defiance will be punished.