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Shloka 83

Puṣkara-Śapatha Itihāsa (Agastya–Indra Dispute at the Tīrthas) | पुष्कर-शपथ-आख्यानम्

अत्रि बोले--कल्याणी! काम आदि शत्रुओंसे त्राण करनेवालेको अरात्रि कहते हैं और अत्‌ (मृत्यु) से बचानेवाला अत्रि कहलाता है। इस प्रकार मैं ही अरात्रि होनेके कारण अत्रि हूँ। जबतक जीवको एकमात्र परमात्माका ज्ञान नहीं होता

bhīṣma uvāca | atrir uvāca—kalyāṇi! kāmādīn śatrūn trātīti arātriḥ ucyate, at (mṛtyoḥ) trātīti atriḥ kathyate | evaṃ aham eva arātri-bhāvād atriḥ | yāvat jīvasya ekamātra-paramātma-jñānaṃ na bhavati tāvat avasthā rātriḥ ucyate | tasyā ajñānāvasthāyā abhāvād api aham arātriḥ atriś ca | sarva-prāṇibhir ajñātaṃ yat rātri-sadṛśaṃ paramātma-tattvaṃ tasmin aham sadā jāgarti; ataḥ tat mama arātri-sadṛśam | etayā niruktyāpi aham arātri-nāma atri (jñānī) nāma ca dhārayāmi | etat mama nāmārthaṃ vijānīhi || yātudhānī uvāca—yathodāhṛtam etat te mayi nāma mahādyute, durdhāryam etan manasā | gaccha, avatara padminīm ||

Atri berkata: “Wahai wanita yang membawa berkah! Ia yang menyelamatkan makhluk dari musuh seperti nafsu-keinginan disebut ‘Arātri’—dia yang baginya tiada malam; dan ia yang menyelamatkan dari ‘at’—kematian—disebut ‘Atri’. Maka, karena aku ‘Arātri’, aku pun ‘Atri’. Selama makhluk hidup belum memperoleh pengetahuan tentang Sang Diri Tertinggi yang esa, keadaan itu disebut ‘malam’. Karena aku bebas dari keadaan ketidaktahuan itu, aku disebut ‘Arātri’ dan ‘Atri’. Dan karena Hakikat Tertinggi tak dikenal oleh semua makhluk dan bagi mereka laksana malam, namun aku senantiasa terjaga di dalam Hakikat itu, maka bagiku seakan tiada malam; karena itu, menurut penurunan makna ini pula, aku menyandang nama ‘Arātri’ dan ‘Atri’—sang mengetahui. Pahamilah demikian arti namaku.” Yātudhānī berkata: “Wahai maharesi yang bercahaya! Makna namamu sebagaimana kau jelaskan sukar ditangkap oleh pikiranku. Sekarang pergilah—turunlah ke telaga berpadma.”

यातुधानीthe Yātudhānī (female demoness)
यातुधानी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयातुधानी (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यथाas/just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
उदाहृतम्explained/uttered (as stated)
उदाहृतम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-आ-हृ (धातु) / उदाहृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
एतत्this (meaning/explanation)
एतत्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तेof you/to you
ते:
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive/Dative, Singular
मयिin me
मयि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormLocative, Singular
नामname
नाम:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
महाद्युतेO great-splendored one
महाद्युते:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाद्युति (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दुर्धार्यम्hard to grasp/understand
दुर्धार्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्धार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
मनसाby the mind
मनसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
गच्छgo
गच्छ:
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
FormImperative (लोट्), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अवतरdescend/enter (down into)
अवतर:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-तॄ (धातु)
FormImperative (लोट्), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पद्मिनीम्the lotus-pond (pond with lotuses)
पद्मिनीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपद्मिनी (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma (Bhīṣma)
A
Atri (Atri)
Y
Yātudhānī
P
Paramātman (Supreme Self)
P
Padminī (lotus-pond)

Educational Q&A

Ignorance is likened to ‘night’; until one attains knowledge of the one Supreme Self, one remains in that darkness. The knower who is awake in the Supreme Reality is ‘without night’ (arātri), and thus is portrayed as a true ‘Atri’—a protector from death and inner enemies like desire.

Atri explains, through etymological reasoning, how his name signifies freedom from the ‘night’ of ignorance and steadfast wakefulness in the Supreme Reality. Yātudhānī responds that this meaning is difficult to grasp and then instructs him to proceed and enter a lotus-pond.