Previous Verse

Shloka 173

Go-dāna-phala-nirdeśa

Merit and Destinations from the Gift of Cows

कामयाना महत्स्थानं तस्माद्‌ दानात्‌ परं दम: | दान करते समय यदि क्रोध आ जाय तो वह दानके फलको नष्ट कर देता है; इसलिये उस क्रोधको दबानेवाला जो दमनामक गुण है

kāmayānā mahatsvānaṁ tasmād dānāt paraṁ damaḥ |

Bhīṣma berkata: Bagi orang yang mendambakan kedudukan yang agung dan luhur, ‘dama’—pengendalian diri—lebih utama bahkan daripada dāna. Bila amarah timbul saat memberi, amarah itu menghancurkan buah pemberian; karena itu kebajikan yang disebut dama, yang menahan amarah dan menundukkan indria, dipandang lebih tinggi daripada sedekah. Wahai raja, penguasa manusia: di alam surgawi para ṛṣi terdapat tak terbilang tempat-tempat halus yang tak kasatmata; dengan menegakkan dama-lah para mahārṣi bahkan para dewa, yang merindukan dunia tertinggi, berangkat dari dunia ini dan mencapainya. Maka, ‘dama’ dinyatakan lebih unggul daripada dāna.

कामयानाdesiring
कामयाना:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकामय (धातु, णिच्; कामयति)
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
महत्-स्थानम्a great abode/place
महत्-स्थानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहत् + स्थान
Formneuter, accusative, singular
तस्मात्from that; therefore
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, ablative, singular
दानात्from/than giving (charity)
दानात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootदान
Formneuter, ablative, singular
परम्superior
परम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
दमःself-control; restraint
दमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदम
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
ṛṣis
S
svarga (heaven)
D
devas
M
maharloka / higher worlds (implied by 'mahat-sthāna' and 'mahān loka')

Educational Q&A

Self-restraint (dama)—especially the checking of anger and the governance of the senses—is superior to charity, because anger arising during an act of giving can nullify the merit of that gift.

Bhīṣma is instructing the king on dharma, ranking virtues: he explains why dama surpasses dāna and supports it by pointing to the attainment of higher, subtle heavenly stations by ṛṣis and devas through the practice of self-restraint.