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Shloka 40

Adhyāya 60: Dāna vs. Yajña—Royal Giving, Protection, and Karmic Share

“राजन! जो पुरुष ब्राह्मणको अन्न और शय्यासे सम्पन्न गृह दान करता है, उसे अत्यन्त पवित्र, मनोहर और नाना प्रकारके रत्नोंसे भरा हुआ उत्तम घर प्राप्त होता है ।।

sugandhacitrāstaraṇopadhānaṃ dadyān naro yaḥ śayanaṃ dvijāya | rūpānvitāṃ pakṣavatīṃ manojñāṃ bhāryām ayatnopagatāṃ labheta saḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana berkata: Wahai raja, siapa yang menghadiahkan kepada seorang brāhmaṇa sebuah rumah yang lengkap dengan makanan dan ranjang, akan memperoleh rumah yang amat suci, elok, dan penuh aneka permata. Dan siapa yang memberikan kepada brāhmaṇa sebuah tempat tidur dengan seprai bermotif indah, harum, serta bantal-bantalnya, akan mendapatkan—tanpa susah payah—seorang istri yang menawan: cantik, berambut indah, dan berasal dari keluarga mulia.

सुगन्धfragrant
सुगन्ध:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसुगन्ध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चित्रvariegated, decorated
चित्र:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचित्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आस्तरणbed-spread, bedding
आस्तरण:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआस्तरण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उपधानम्pillow, cushion
उपधानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउपधान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दद्यात्should give
दद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शयनम्bed, couch
शयनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशयन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
द्विजायto a twice-born (brahmin)
द्विजाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
रूपwith beauty/form
रूप:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरूप
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अन्विताम्endowed (with)
अन्विताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्वित (√इ + अनु, past participle used adjectivally)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पक्षवतीम्having tresses/side-locks (lit. having ‘wings/sides’)
पक्षवतीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपक्षवत्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
मनोज्ञाम्charming, pleasing
मनोज्ञाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमनोज्ञ
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
भार्याम्wife
भार्याम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभार्या
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अयत्नwithout effort
अयत्न:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअयत्न
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
उपगताम्obtained, come to (him)
उपगताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउपगत (उप + √गम्, past participle used adjectivally)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
लभेत्would obtain
लभेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ् (प्राप्तौ)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
R
rājan (the king addressed)
D
dvija (Brahmin)
Ś
śayana (bed)
Ā
āstaraṇa (bedding/coverlets)
U
upadhāna (pillow)
B
bhāryā (wife)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that gifting comfort and dignity—specifically a well-appointed bed with fragrant coverings and pillows—to a Brahmin is a dharmic act that yields auspicious domestic rewards, symbolized by obtaining a charming, well-born spouse without hardship.

Vaiśampāyana continues an instruction on dāna (charitable gifts) and their fruits, addressing a king and describing the specific result (phala) of donating a furnished bed to a Brahmin.