Shloka 16

च्यवन-कुशिक-संवादः

Cyavana–Kuśika Dialogue on Hospitality, Service, and Lineage Questions

Devanagari script

पुत्रकामो हि पुत्रार्थे यां वृणीते विशाम्पते । क्षेत्रजं तु प्रमाणं स्यान्न वै तत्रात्मज: सुत:

Transliteration

putrakāmo hi putrārthe yāṁ vṛṇīte viśāmpate | kṣetrajāṁ tu pramāṇaṁ syān na vai tatrātmajaḥ sutaḥ prajānātha |

Translation

Bhīṣma berkata: “Wahai pelindung rakyat, seorang pria yang menginginkan putra, bila ia menerima seorang perempuan yang sudah hamil sebagai istri semata-mata demi memperoleh keturunan, maka anak yang lahir dari rahim itu diakui secara sah sebagai putra sang suami (yang menikahinya). Dalam hal itu, si pembenih tidak memiliki klaim; anak itu tidak diperlakukan sebagai putranya, melainkan sebagai putra suami menurut kaidah garis kṣetraja.”

Word by Word

• {'putrakāmaḥ': 'one who desires a son', 'hi': 'indeed, for', 'putrārthe': 'for the purpose of a son/offspring', 'yām': 'whom (a woman)', 'vṛṇīte': 'chooses, accepts (in marriage)', 'viśāmpate': 'O lord of the subjects/people (vocative address)', 'kṣetrajām': 'the kṣetraja (child of the ‘field’—offspring legally assigned to the husband of the mother)', 'tu': 'but, indeed', 'pramāṇam': 'authoritative rule, legal proof/standard', 'syāt': 'should be, is to be', 'na': 'not', 'vai': 'certainly', 'tatra': 'there, in that case', 'ātmajaḥ': 'one’s own-born (biological) son', 'sutaḥ': 'son', 'prajānātha': 'O protector/lord of creatures/subjects'}

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse states a dharma-legal principle: when a man marries a woman already pregnant specifically to obtain a child, the child is recognized as the husband’s son (kṣetraja), and the biological begetter has no paternal claim.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Bhīṣma’s instruction on dharma in the Anuśāsana Parva, he explains rules of sonship and lineage classification, clarifying who is considered the rightful father in a kṣetraja-type situation.