Shloka 5
Indra–Mataṅga Saṃvāda: On the rarity and responsibilities of Brāhmaṇya (इन्द्र-मतङ्ग संवादः)
Devanagari script
भीष्म उवाच ब्राह्म॒ण्यं तात दुष्प्राप्यं वर्ण: क्षत्रादिभिस्त्रिभि: । परं हि सर्वभूतानां स्थानमेतद् युधिछ्िर
Translation
Bhīṣma berkata: “Wahai anakku, Yudhiṣṭhira, brahminhood amat sukar dicapai oleh tiga varṇa—Kṣatriya dan lainnya; sebab inilah kedudukan tertinggi bagi semua makhluk.”
Word by Word
भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
ब्राह्मण्यंBrahminhood, the state of being a Brahmin
ब्राह्मण्यं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तातdear one, son (address)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दुष्प्राप्यंhard to obtain
दुष्प्राप्यं:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुष्-प्राप्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वर्णःvarna, social class
वर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षत्रादिभिःby/for those beginning with Kshatriyas (i.e., Kshatriya etc.)
क्षत्रादिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्र-आदि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
त्रिभिःby the three
त्रिभिः:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
परंsupreme, highest
परं:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
सर्वभूतानांof all beings
सर्वभूतानां:
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व-भूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
स्थानम्place, status, position
स्थानम्:
TypeNoun
Rootस्थान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhishthira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes