Shloka 34
Devanagari script
एतैदषैर्नरा राजन् क्षयं यान्ति न संशय: । तस्मादेतान् नरो नित्यं दूरत: परिवर्जयेत्
Transliteration
etair doṣair narā rājan kṣayaṁ yānti na saṁśayaḥ | tasmād etān naro nityaṁ dūrataḥ parivarjayet, rājan ||
Translation
Wahai raja, manusia yang dikuasai cacat-cacat ini pasti menuju kebinasaan—tanpa ragu. Karena itu, hendaknya seseorang senantiasa menjauhi semuanya dari jauh dan meninggalkannya.
Word by Word
एतैःby these
एतैः:
Karana
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
दोषैःfaults, vices
दोषैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
नराःmen, people
नराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
क्षयम्destruction, ruin
क्षयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यान्तिgo, attain
यान्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootया (याति)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
संशयःdoubt
संशयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्मात्therefore, from that reason
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable/Pronominal adverb
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
एतान्these (ones)
एतान्:
Karma
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial accusative)
Rootनित्य
दूरतःfrom afar, at a distance
दूरतः:
TypeIndeclinable (ablatival adverb)
Rootदूर
परिवर्जयेत्should avoid, should shun
परिवर्जयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + वर्ज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
च्यवन उवाच
Characters & Entities
C
ChyavanaK
King (unnamed addressee)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Vices inevitably lead to a person’s ruin; therefore one should deliberately and consistently keep away from them, not merely resist them when they arise.
The sage Chyavana is instructing a king in moral discipline, concluding a warning that certain दोषाः (faults) bring निश्चित विनाश (certain destruction) and must be avoided from a distance.