Shloka 2
Gautama–Śakra Saṃvāda: Karma, Loka-bheda, and the Restoration of the Elephant
Devanagari script
भीष्म उवाच कर्मभि: पार्थ नानात्वं लोकानां यान्ति मानवा: । पुण्यान् पुण्यकृतो यान्ति पापान् पापकृतो नरा:
Translation
Bhīṣma berkata: “Wahai Pārtha, manusia menuju beragam dunia sesuai perbuatannya. Pelaku kebajikan menuju dunia-dunia yang suci; pelaku dosa menuju dunia-dunia yang tercela.”
Word by Word
भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कर्मभिःby/through actions
कर्मभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
पार्थO Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नानात्वम्diversity/variety
नानात्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनानात्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
लोकानाम्of the worlds
लोकानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
यान्तिgo/attain
यान्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
मानवाःhumans/men
मानवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमानव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पुण्यान्meritorious (worlds)
पुण्यान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपुण्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पुण्यकृतःdoers of merit
पुण्यकृतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुण्यकृत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यान्तिgo/attain
यान्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
पापान्sinful (worlds)
पापान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपाप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पापकृतःdoers of sin
पापकृतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपापकृत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नराःmen/people
नराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes