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Shloka 2

ब्रह्मस्वहरण-निषेधः — Prohibition of Appropriating Brahmin Property

Brahmasva

युधिष्ठिरने पूछा--भरतश्रेष्ठ! जो मूर्ख और मंदबुद्धि मानव क्रूरतापूर्ण कर्ममें संलग्न रहकर ब्राह्मणोंके धनका अपहरण करते हैं, वे किस लोकमें जाते हैं? ।।

bhīṣma uvāca | pātakānāṁ paraṁ hy etad brahmasvaharaṇaṁ balāt | sānvayās te vinaśyanti caṇḍālāḥ pretya ceha ca | atrāpy udāharantīmam itihāsaṁ purātanam | caṇḍālasya ca saṁvādaṁ kṣatrabandhoś ca bhārata |

Bhīṣma berkata: “Wahai Raja, merampas harta seorang brāhmaṇa dengan paksa adalah dosa yang paling besar. Mereka yang berwatak seperti Caṇḍāla dan menjarah kekayaan brāhmaṇa binasa bersama garis keturunannya, baik di dunia ini maupun setelah mati. Dalam perkara ini, orang-orang bijak mengutip sebuah kisah kuno: cerita tentang dialog antara seorang Caṇḍāla dan seorang ‘kṣatriya hanya dalam nama’, wahai Bharata.”

पातकानाम्of sins
पातकानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपातक
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
परम्highest, supreme
परम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
एतत्this
एतत्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ब्रह्मस्वहरणम्theft/abduction of brahmin-property
ब्रह्मस्वहरणम्:
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मस्व-हरण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
बलात्by force
बलात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
सान्वयाःtogether with their lineage/family
सान्वयाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस-अन्वय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विनश्यन्तिperish, are destroyed
विनश्यन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootनश्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
चण्डालाःoutcastes (chandalas)
चण्डालाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचण्डाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रेत्यhaving died; after death
प्रेत्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र-इ
FormAbsolutive (ktvā/lyap)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इहhere (in this world)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
also
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्य उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yudhishthira
B
Bharata (epithet/address)
B
Brahmin (as a social-religious category)
C
Chandala
K
Kṣatrabandhu

Educational Q&A

Forcibly taking a Brahmin’s wealth (brahmasva-haraṇa) is declared a supreme transgression, bringing ruin not only to the perpetrator but also to their lineage, with consequences both in this life and after death.

Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about the fate of cruel, foolish people who seize Brahmin wealth. Bhishma answers by condemning the act as the greatest sin and introduces an ancient illustrative story—a dialogue between a Chandala and a kshatriya-in-name-only—to reinforce the moral point.