Āloka-dāna (Dīpa-dāna), Sumanas–Dhūpa–Dīpa Phala: Manu–Suvarṇa and Śukra–Bali Exempla
देवदानवभूतानां सद्यस्तुष्टिकर: स्मृत: । येडन्ये वैहारिकास्तत्र मानुषाणामिति स्मृता:
devadānavabhūtānāṁ sadyas-tuṣṭikaraḥ smṛtaḥ | ye ’nye vaihārikās tatra mānuṣāṇām iti smṛtāḥ ||
Śukra berkata: “Dupa ini dikenang sebagai yang segera mendatangkan kepuasan bagi para dewa, para asura, dan makhluk halus. Selain itu ada pula banyak jenis dupa lain yang dipakai untuk kenikmatan dan hiburan; itu dianggap termasuk dalam pemakaian manusia.”
शुक्र उवाच
The verse distinguishes between incense used as a sacred offering that quickly appeases a wide range of beings (devas, dānavas, bhūtas) and other fragrances used primarily for human pleasure. It implies an ethical hierarchy: ritual substances are valued for their dharmic purpose (propitiation and harmony), not merely for enjoyment.
Śukra is instructing about kinds of dhūpa (incense). He notes one type that is traditionally said to give immediate satisfaction to divine and spirit beings, and then mentions additional ‘vaihārika’ incenses meant for human recreational use.