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Shloka 40

Pitṛ-Stuti, Tarpaṇa, and the Ritual Power of Recitation in Śrāddha

Devanagari script

अग्निष्वात्ता बर्हिषद आज्यपाः सोमपास्तथा / व्रजन्तु तृप्तिं श्राद्धे ऽस्मिन्पितरस्तर्पिता मया

Transliteration

agniṣvāttā barhiṣada ājyapāḥ somapāstathā / vrajantu tṛptiṃ śrāddhe 'sminpitarastarpitā mayā

Translation

Semoga para Pitṛ Agniṣvātta dan Barhiṣad, demikian pula para Pitṛ Ājyapā dan Somapā—setelah kutarpan melalui śrāddha ini—mencapai kepuasan yang sempurna.

Word by Word
अग्निष्वात्ताःAgniṣvātta (a class of Pitṛs)
अग्निष्वात्ताः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअग्निष्वात्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; समासः—अग्निना स्वात्ताः (agni-accepted class of pitṛs)
बर्हिषदःBarhiṣad (a class of Pitṛs)
बर्हिषदः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootबर्हिषद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; पितृ-विशेष-गणः
आज्यपाःĀjyapā (ghee-drinking Pitṛs)
आज्यपाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootआज्यप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; समासः—आज्यं पिबन्ति इति (ghee-drinkers)
सोमपाःSomapā (soma-drinking Pitṛs)
सोमपाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसोमप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; समासः—सोमं पिबन्ति इति (soma-drinkers)
तथाand also
तथा:
Discourse particle (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थ (also)
व्रजन्तुmay they attain/go to
व्रजन्तु:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootव्रज् (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
तृप्तिम्satisfaction
तृप्तिम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतृप्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
श्राद्धेin the śrāddha rite
श्राद्धे:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootश्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
पितरःthe ancestors (Pitṛs)
पितरः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
तर्पिताःsatiated; gratified
तर्पिताः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootतृप् (धातु) → तर्पित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formकृदन्त (णिच् + क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषणम्—तर्पिताः (satiated)
मयाby me
मया:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (by me)
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra, within the śrāddha context)

Shraddha Ritual

Ritual Type: Parvana

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: Core śrāddha tarpaṇa/āhuti segment invoking specific Pitṛ classes.

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Śrāddha and tarpaṇa as a duty that nourishes/pleases Pitṛs and sustains intergenerational order.

Vedantic Theme: Ṛṇa-traya (debts to gods, sages, ancestors) and yajña-spirit; continuity of dharma across generations.

Application: Perform ancestral remembrance with sincerity; offer food/water with the intention of ‘tṛpti’ (contentment) rather than mere formality.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Geographic Context

Type: ritual space

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Śrāddha-kalpa passages enumerating Pitṛ-gaṇas and their satisfaction through offerings (general parallel)

Characters & Entities
P
Pitris
A
Agniṣvātta Pitṛs
B
Barhiṣad Pitṛs
Ā
Ājyapā Pitṛs
S
Somapā Pitṛs
Ś
Śrāddha

FAQs

This verse frames śrāddha as an act that directly brings “tṛpti” (contentment) to multiple classes of Pitṛs, emphasizing ancestral satisfaction as a core aim of the rite.

By highlighting the Pitṛs’ satisfaction through offerings, it implies that correct post-death rites support the departed/ancestral continuum and uphold dharma that benefits the family line, a recurring Garuda Purana theme in funeral and śrāddha sections.

Perform śrāddha/tarpaṇa with sincerity and correct intention—seeing it as gratitude and duty to ancestors—rather than as a mere formality.

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