Shloka 7

Devanagari script

द्वादश्यां विष्णवे कार्यं शुक्ले कृष्णे ऽथ वा हर / व्यतीपाते ऽयने चैव चन्दरसूर्यग्रहे शिव

Transliteration

dvādaśyāṃ viṣṇave kāryaṃ śukle kṛṣṇe 'tha vā hara / vyatīpāte 'yane caiva candarasūryagrahe śiva

Translation

Pada tithi Dvādaśī hendaknya dilakukan ritus bagi Viṣṇu—baik pada paruh terang maupun paruh gelap, wahai Hara. Demikian pula pada Vyatīpāta, saat ayana, serta pada gerhana bulan dan matahari, wahai Śiva.

Word by Word

• द्वादश्याम्: on the Dvādaśī (12th lunar day)
• द्वादश्याम्: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; तिथि-नाम

• विष्णवे: for Viṣṇu
• विष्णवे: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th), एकवचन; सम्प्रदान-भावे

• कार्यम्: should be done
• कार्यम्: Kriya (Obligation/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) + यत् (कृदन्त)
• Form: यत्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (gerundive/भाव्य); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘कर्तव्यम्’

• शुक्ले: in the bright fortnight
• शुक्ले: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुक्ल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; ‘शुक्लपक्षे’ (in the bright fortnight)

• कृष्णे: in the dark fortnight
• कृष्णे: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; ‘कृष्णपक्षे’ (in the dark fortnight)

• अथ: then/also
• अथ: Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/विकल्पार्थक (then/now)

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (Alternative/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विकल्प (disjunction)

• हर: O Hara (Śiva)
• हर: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th), एकवचन; शिवस्य सम्बोधन

• व्यतीपाते: at Vyatīpāta (astral conjunction)
• व्यतीपाते: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यतीपात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; योग-विशेषः

• अयने: at the ayana (solstice)
• अयने: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अयन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; ‘अयने’ (at solstice/ayana)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed/also
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण (emphasis)

• चन्द्रसूर्यग्रहे: at lunar/solar eclipse
• चन्द्रसूर्यग्रहे: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक) + सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक) + ग्रह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; द्वन्द्वसमासः ‘चन्द्रश्च सूर्यश्च’ इति; ‘ग्रह’ = ग्रहण (eclipse)

• शिव: O Śiva
• शिव: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th), एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda; vocative 'O Śiva' appears as a traditional address within the verse)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Vishnu worship on dvādaśī is prescribed in both fortnights; extraordinary astronomical junctions are also fit for intensified observance.

Vedantic Theme: Bhakti supported by kāla-viśeṣa: devotion becomes more potent when aligned with sacred temporal thresholds; īśvara-smaraṇa during cosmic events steadies the mind.

Application: Observe Dvādaśī with Vishnu pūjā/vrata; during eclipses/solstices, prioritize japa, dāna, and sattvic restraint; follow local tradition for eclipse conduct while keeping the focus on Hari-smaraṇa.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: temple/household altar

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.43.6 (tithi order); Garuda Purana 1.43.8 (Vishnu worship and daily pavitra; rainy season necessity)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Shiva
• Chandra
• Surya

FAQs

What is the importance of Dvādaśī in the Garuda Purana?

This verse highlights Dvādaśī as a key tithi for performing rites dedicated to Viṣṇu, suitable in both the bright and dark fortnights.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: by emphasizing correct timing of Viṣṇu-oriented observances, it points to dharmic practice as supportive of auspicious outcomes and spiritual progress.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Observe Dvādaśī with Viṣṇu worship (prayer, fasting/discipline, charity), and treat eclipses/ayana/Vyatīpāta as spiritually significant times for focused sādhana rather than ordinary activity.