Shloka 23

Udara-roga Nidāna: Causes, Doṣa-Types, Spleen/Liver Enlargement, and Udakodara

Devanagari script

अत्यशनाच्च संक्षोभाद्यानपानादिचेष्ठितैः / अविहितैश्च पानाद्यैर्वमनव्याधिकर्षणैः

Transliteration

atyaśanācca saṃkṣobhādyānapānādiceṣṭhitaiḥ / avihitaiśca pānādyairvamanavyādhikarṣaṇaiḥ

Translation

Karena makan berlebihan, kegelisahan, aktivitas tak patut seperti berkendara dan bepergian, serta minuman yang tidak dianjurkan dan sejenisnya—seseorang tersiksa oleh muntah dan derita penyakit.

Word by Word

• अति: excessive
• अति: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अति (अव्यय)
• Form: उपसर्ग/अव्यय (intensifier; compound-member)

• अशनात्: from overeating
• अशनात्: Hetu/Apadana (Cause/Source/हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अशन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन (ablative singular); समासः कर्मधारय: अत्यशनात् (from overeating)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• संक्षोभात्: from agitation/disturbance
• संक्षोभात्: Hetu/Apadana (Cause/Source/हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संक्षोभ (प्रातिपदिक; √क्षुभ् (धातु) + सम्-)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन (ablative singular)

• यान: riding/vehicle-travel
• यान: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक (compound-member)

• पान: drinking
• पान: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक (compound-member)

• आदि: etc.
• आदि: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आदि (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समाहारार्थक-अव्यय (etc., 'and the like'; compound-member)

• चेष्टितैः: by activities/behaviors
• चेष्टितैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चेष्टित (प्रातिपदिक; √चेष्ट् (धातु))
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन (instrumental plural); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; समासः द्वन्द्व-तत्पुरुष-समाहारः: यानपानादि-चेष्टितैः (by activities like riding and drinking)

• अविहितैः: improper
• अविहितैः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अविहित (प्रातिपदिक; √धा (धातु) with वि-; 'विहित' + अ-निषेध)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (improper/not prescribed)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• पान: drinking
• पान: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक (compound-member)

• आद्यैः: and similar (acts)
• आद्यैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन (instrumental plural; 'and others')

• वमन: vomiting
• वमन: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वमन (प्रातिपदिक; √वम् (धातु))
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक (compound-member)

• व्याधि: disease
• व्याधि: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्याधि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक (compound-member)

• कर्षणैः: by afflictions/strains
• कर्षणैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्षण (प्रातिपदिक; √कृष् (धातु))
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; समासः द्वन्द्व-तत्पुरुष-समाहारः: वमन-व्याधि-कर्षणैः (by vomiting and disease-causing strains/afflictions)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vainateya)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Nidāna-parivarjana: avoiding known causes is itself a form of right conduct; excess and agitation precipitate suffering.

Vedantic Theme: Rāga (craving) and kṣobha (agitation) disturb the mind-body; cultivating sattva supports steadiness and spiritual practice.

Application: Eat within capacity, avoid agitation and reckless exertion; do not consume unprescribed/intoxicating drinks; treat recurrent vomiting promptly.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.161.22–24 (nidāna list; abdominal/visceral disorders)

Characters & Entities

• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of dietary restraint in the Garuda Purana?

This verse links excess and unregulated habits—especially overeating and improper drinking—to vomiting and disease, presenting restraint as a dharmic safeguard for bodily and mental balance.

How does this verse connect actions (karma) with suffering?

It shows immediate, embodied karmic results: disturbance, improper exertion, and unprescribed indulgence become direct causes of physical affliction, illustrating cause-and-effect within daily life.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Follow moderation in food, avoid impulsive overexertion, and keep drink/consumption within what is appropriate for one’s health and discipline to reduce avoidable illness.