Shloka 20

Jvara-Nidāna-Lakṣaṇa: Causes, Doṣic Types, Āma/Nirāma Stages, and Prognosis of Fever

Devanagari script

दोषे विवृद्धे नष्टे ऽग्नौ सर्वसंपूर्णलक्षणः / सान्निपातज्वरो ऽसाध्यः कृच्छ्रसाध्यस्ततो ऽन्यथा

Transliteration

doṣe vivṛddhe naṣṭe 'gnau sarvasaṃpūrṇalakṣaṇaḥ / sānnipātajvaro 'sādhyaḥ kṛcchrasādhyastato 'nyathā

Translation

Saat doṣa sangat meningkat dan api pencernaan (agni) padam, demam sannipāta tampak dengan tanda-tanda lengkap; demam demikian tak tersembuhkan—jika tidak, hanya dapat disembuhkan dengan amat sulit.

Word by Word

• doṣe: when the doṣa is
• doṣe: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: doṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• vivṛddhe: increased/aggravated
• vivṛddhe: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi√vṛdh (धातु) → vivṛddha (कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP)

• naṣṭe: destroyed/lost
• naṣṭe: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √naś (धातु) → naṣṭa (कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP)

• agnau: when digestive fire is (lost)
• agnau: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: agni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• sarvasaṃpūrṇalakṣaṇaḥ: having all symptoms complete
• sarvasaṃpūrṇalakṣaṇaḥ: Visheshya (Predicate/विशेष्य)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃpūrṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + lakṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः (सर्वैः संपूर्णानि लक्षणानि यस्य)

• sānnipātajvaraḥ: sannipāta-fever
• sānnipātajvaraḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sannipāta (प्रातिपदिक) + jvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (सन्निपातजः ज्वरः)

• asādhyaḥ: incurable
• asādhyaḥ: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a- (निषेध) + sādhya (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, √sādh)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; यत्/ण्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त ‘साध्य’ + नञ् (not curable)

• kṛcchrasādhyaḥ: curable with difficulty
• kṛcchrasādhyaḥ: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛcchra (प्रातिपदिक) + sādhya (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, √sādh)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (कृच्छ्रः साध्यः)

• tataḥ: thereafter/therefore
• tataḥ: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; तस्मात्-अर्थे (therefore/then)

• anyathā: otherwise
• anyathā: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: anyathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारान्तरवाचक (otherwise)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Mixed

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Centrality of agni (digestive/metabolic fire) for recovery; when extinguished amid doṣa excess, prognosis becomes hopeless.

Vedantic Theme: Limits of embodied agency; acceptance of prārabdha within the field of prakṛti.

Application: Protect and restore agni early (diet discipline, timely treatment); understand when care shifts from curative to supportive/compassionate.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.147.17-19 (signs and mechanisms); Garuda Purana 1.147.21 (variant patterns when pitta is separate)

FAQs

What is the importance of sannipāta (combined doṣa disorder) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse highlights sannipāta as a critical condition where all doṣas act together; when agni fails and symptoms are fully developed, the disease is described as beyond cure.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

This specific verse is medical rather than afterlife-focused; it teaches discernment of prognosis in severe illness, indirectly emphasizing timely care and the fragility of embodied life.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Treat persistent fever and digestive collapse as urgent: prioritize early intervention, restoring digestion/metabolic strength, and seeking qualified medical care before the condition becomes fully established.