Shloka 10

Śivarātri Vrata: Timing, Accidental Merit, and the Complete Night-Vigil Procedure

Devanagari script

तदा मम गणैर्युद्धे जित्वा मुक्तीकृतः स च / कुक्कुरेण सहैवाभूद्गणो मत्पार्श्वगो ऽमलः

Transliteration

tadā mama gaṇairyuddhe jitvā muktīkṛtaḥ sa ca / kukkureṇa sahaivābhūdgaṇo matpārśvago 'malaḥ

Translation

Saat itu para gana-ku mengalahkannya dalam pertempuran lalu membebaskannya; bersama anjing itu ia menjadi gana yang suci dan tinggal di sisiku.

Word by Word

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana (Time/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb: "then")

• मम: of me / my
• मम: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; (genitive: "of me")

• गणैः: by (my) attendants/gaṇas
• गणैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन (instrumental plural)

• युद्धे: in battle
• युद्धे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन (locative singular)

• जित्वा: having conquered
• जित्वा: Kriya (पूर्वकर्म/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जि (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive): "having conquered"

• मुक्तीकृतः: made free / released
• मुक्तीकृतः: Karta (Subject complement/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मुक्ति (प्रातिपदिक) + कृ (धातु) → कृत (कृदन्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (मुक्तिं कृतः); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction: "and")

• कुक्कुरेण: with a dog
• कुक्कुरेण: Sahakari (Association/सहकारि; with "सह")
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुक्कुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन (instrumental singular)

• सह: together with
• सह: Sahakari (Association/सहकारि)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: सह-प्रयोगे सहार्थक-अव्यय (preposition-like indeclinable: "together with")

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चय/अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (particle: "indeed/just")

• अभूत्: became / was
• अभूत्: Kriya (Main verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• गणः: an attendant / gaṇa
• गणः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• मत्पार्श्वगः: at my side
• मत्पार्श्वगः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मत् (अस्मद्-षष्ठीसमर्थ/"my") + पार्श्व (प्रातिपदिक) + ग (गम्-धातु से)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (मत्-पार्श्व-गः = "going/being at my side"); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अमलः: pure / spotless
• अमलः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अमल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

Speaker

Uncertain (context needed; likely a divine narrator speaking to Garuḍa in dialogue form)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Even one overcome in divine conflict can be ‘released’ and attain purified service; liberation expressed as proximity and attendance to the Lord.

Vedantic Theme: Grace and purification (anugraha-śuddhi) culminating in sāyujya-like nearness/servitude (sāmīpya/sālokya with sevā-bhāva).

Application: Cultivate humility after defeat, seek purification, and orient life toward selfless service to the divine and the saintly community.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana (Preta/Ācāra sections): motifs of liberation through divine grace and transformation into attendants (gaṇa-sevā)

Characters & Entities

• gaṇa (divine attendants)
• kukkura (dog)

FAQs

What is the importance of being 'made free' (muktīkṛtaḥ) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames liberation as an act of release after a decisive confrontation with divine authority, resulting in purification and a transformed status near the divine.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

It suggests a movement from conflict/bondage to release and purity, culminating in proximity to the divine—an image of spiritual elevation after prior impediments are removed.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Cultivate ethical conduct and humility: the verse highlights that purification and upliftment follow surrender to dharma and the removal of inner impurities.