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Sutra 2

Devanagari script

सप्तरात्रस्यान्तर्मृते शुद्धवधः पक्षस्यान्तरुत्तमः मासस्यान्तः पञ्चशतः समुत्थानव्ययश्च ॥ कZ_०४.११.०२ ॥

Transliteration

saptarātrasyāntarmṛte śuddhavadhaḥ pakṣasyāntaruttamaḥ māsasyāntaḥ pañcaśataḥ samutthānavyayaś ca

Translation

Jika kematian terjadi dalam tujuh malam (sejak luka), itu dianggap sebagai pembunuhan yang jelas (dihukum mati). Jika kematian terjadi dalam dua minggu, dikenakan denda tertinggi. Jika kematian terjadi dalam sebulan, dikenakan denda lima ratus, dan biaya pengobatan serta pengeluaran terkait juga harus diganti.

Word by Word
सप्तरात्रस्यof a period of seven nights (i.e., within seven days)
सप्तरात्रस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootसप्तरात्र
Formपुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी एकवचन; (सप्त + रात्र) समास; ‘सप्तरात्र’ = सात रातों/सात दिनों की अवधि
अन्तःwithin
अन्तः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्तः
Formअव्यय; ‘अन्तः’ = भीतर/के भीतर (काल-सीमा सूचक)
मृतेupon (someone) having died / in the event of death
मृते:
TypeVerb (Participle)
Rootमृ
Formकृदन्त; भूतकृदन्त (क्त); ‘मृत’—पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसक; लोकेटिव एकवचन; ‘मृते’ = (उसके) मर जाने पर/मृत अवस्था में
शुद्धवधःa ‘clear/clean’ execution (capital punishment in a clearly established case)
शुद्धवधः:
TypeNoun
Rootवध
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; (शुद्ध + वध) = ‘शुद्ध’ विशेषण + ‘वध’
पक्षस्यof a fortnight
पक्षस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपक्ष
Formपुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी एकवचन; ‘पक्ष’ = पखवाड़ा/पक्ष (fortnight)
अन्तःwithin
अन्तः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्तः
Formअव्यय; ‘अन्तः’ = भीतर/के भीतर
उत्तमःthe higher/better (option/limit)
उत्तमः:
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootउत्तम
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; ‘उत्तम’ = श्रेष्ठ/उत्तम (यहाँ: उच्चतर/अधिकतम सीमा/श्रेष्ठ विकल्प)
मासस्यof a month
मासस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootमास
Formपुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी एकवचन; ‘मास’ = महीना
अन्तःwithin
अन्तः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्तः
Formअव्यय; ‘अन्तः’ = भीतर/के भीतर
पञ्चशतःfive hundred
पञ्चशतः:
TypeNumeral (adjectival)
Rootपञ्चशत
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; (पञ्च + शत) = 500; संख्यावाचक
समुत्थानव्ययःexpenditure connected with origination/undertaking (operational/enterprise-related expense)
समुत्थानव्ययः:
TypeNoun
Rootव्यय
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; (समुत्थान + व्यय) = ‘समुत्थानस्य व्ययः’/‘समुत्थान-सम्बद्ध व्यय’; समुत्थान = उद्भव/उत्पत्ति/उत्थान (rise/origin)
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक
Entities Mentioned
V
victim
O
offender
S
state/judiciary

FAQs

A time-based causation test: the closer the death is to the injury, the stronger the presumption of direct responsibility and the harsher the penalty.

It enforces restitution in addition to punishment, shifting the economic burden of harm from victims to offenders.

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