Sutra 40
Devanagari script
उपनिवेशदिग्विभागो गोप्रचाराद्बलान्वयतो वा गवां रक्षासामर्थ्याच्च ॥ कZ_०२.२९.४० ॥
Transliteration
upaniveśadigvibhāgo gopracārād balānvayato vā gavāṃ rakṣāsāmarthyāc ca
Translation
Pembagian arah dan zonasi permukiman ternak (upaniveśa) ditentukan είτε berdasarkan rute penggembalaan, atau berdasarkan ketersediaan serta sebaran kekuatan (penjaga dan tenaga), dan juga berdasarkan kemampuan melindungi ternak.
Word by Word
उपनिवेश-दिक्-विभागःthe division (demarcation) of directions/quarters for a settlement (colony/village-site)
उपनिवेश-दिक्-विभागः:
TypeNoun
Rootविभज्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; समस्तपद: उपनिवेशस्य दिकां विभागः (उपनिवेश + दिक् + विभाग)
गो-प्रचारात्from (consideration of) the cattle’s grazing range
गो-प्रचारात्:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रचर्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-एकवचन; गोप्रचार = गवां प्रचारः (चराई/चरागाह-परिसर)
बल-अन्वयतःor according to the availability/connection of force (security support)
बल-अन्वयतः:
TypeAvyaya
Rootअन्वि/अनु-इ
Formअव्यय; -तः = 'according to/with reference to'; बलान्वय = बलस्य अन्वयः (बल-सम्बन्ध/बल-समर्थन/बल-आधार)
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formअव्यय; विकल्पार्थक
गवाम्of cattle
गवाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootगो
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (गो), षष्ठी-बहुवचन
रक्षा-सामर्थ्यात्from (consideration of) the capacity to protect (them)
रक्षा-सामर्थ्यात्:
TypeNoun
Rootसमर्थ
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-एकवचन; रक्षासामर्थ्य = रक्षायाः सामर्थ्यम् (रक्षण-क्षमता)
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक
Entities Mentioned
U
upaniveśa (cattle-settlement)G
gopracāra (grazing routes)B
bala (guards/force)G
gāvaḥ (cattle)FAQs
Kauṭilya ties settlement zoning to operational realities: grazing movement, availability of guards/manpower, and the objective capacity to protect herds.
Risk-informed spatial planning: site and route design based on security capacity and resource flows.