Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 39, Shloka 32

अभिज्ञानमणि

प्रदानम् — The Signet Jewel as Proof and the Consolation of Sita

Devanagari script

तदर्थोपहितं वाक्यं प्रश्रितं हेतुसंहितम्।निशम्य हनुमान्शेषं वाक्यमुत्तरमब्रवीत्।।।।

Transliteration

tadarthopahitaṁ vākyaṁ praśritaṁ hetusaṁhitam | niśamya hanumān śeṣaṁ vākyam uttaram abravīt ||

Translation

देवी सीता के अर्थगर्भित, विनयपूर्ण और युक्तिसंगत वचन सुनकर हनुमान् ने फिर आगे का उत्तर-वचन कहा।

Word by Word

• तदर्थोपहितम्: endowed with that purpose/meaning
• तदर्थोपहितम्: Karma (कर्म; qualifies वाक्यम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद्-अर्थ-उपहित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः: तस्य अर्थेन उपहितम् (meaningfully furnished)

• वाक्यम्: speech/words
• वाक्यम्: Karma (कर्म/Object of निशम्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• प्रश्रितम्: courteous
• प्रश्रितम्: Karma (कर्म; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रश्रित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'humble/courteous' (qualifies वाक्यम्)

• हेतुसंहितम्: supported by reasons / logical
• हेतुसंहितम्: Karma (कर्म; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हेतु-संहित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः: हेतुभिः संहितम् (endowed with reasons)

• निशम्य: having heard
• निशम्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-शम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund): 'having heard/listened'

• हनुमान्: Hanuman
• हनुमान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हनुमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• शेषम्: the remaining
• शेषम्: Karma (कर्म; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'remaining' (qualifies वाक्यम्)

• वाक्यम्: speech/words
• वाक्यम्: Karma (कर्म/Object of अब्रवीत्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• उत्तरम्: in reply / further
• उत्तरम्: Karma (कर्म; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'in reply/further' (qualifies वाक्यम्)

• अब्रवीत्: said
• अब्रवीत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

Context

Having heard the meaningful, courteous and logical words of Sita, Hanuman replied:

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Hanumān

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma in communication: truthful, purposeful, courteous, and rational speech is praised as the proper foundation for action.

What is the narrative situation?

The narration transitions from Sītā’s counsel to Hanumān’s response, highlighting the quality of her reasoning and tone.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sītā’s balanced judgment and refined speech; Hanumān’s attentive listening before responding.