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Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 16, Shloka 16

षोडशः सर्गः (Sarga 16): Hanumān’s Recognition of Sītā and Renewed Lament

इयं सा धर्मशीलस्य मैथिलस्य महात्मनः।सुता जनकराजस्य सीता भर्तृदृढव्रता।।5.16.15।।उत्थिता मेदिनीं भित्त्वा क्षेत्रे हलमुखक्षते।पद्मरेणुनिभैः कीर्णा शुभैः केदारपाम्सुभिः।।5.16.16।।

utthitā medinīṃ bhittvā kṣetre halamukhakṣate |

padmareṇunibhaiḥ kīrṇā śubhaiḥ kedārapāṃsubhiḥ ||5.16.16||

हल की नोक से क्षत हुए खेत में पृथ्वी को भेदकर वह प्रकट हुई; शुभ केदार-मिट्टी से—कमल-पराग-सी धूल से—आच्छादित थी।

utthitārisen up
utthitā:
Karta (कर्ता; predicate participle of Sītā)
TypeVerb
Rootut-√sthā (धातु) + kta (क्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘उत्थिता’ = arisen
medinīmthe earth/ground
medinīm:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootmedinī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
bhittvāhaving split
bhittvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial to utthitā)
TypeVerb
Root√bhid (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having split/broken’
kṣetrein the field
kṣetre:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣetra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
halamukhakṣatescarred by the ploughshare
halamukhakṣate:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roothala-mukha-kṣata (प्रातिपदिक; हल + मुख + क्षत)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier of kṣetre)
padmareṇunibhaiḥlike lotus-pollen
padmareṇunibhaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument; descriptive)
TypeAdjective
Rootpadma-reṇu-nibha (प्रातिपदिक; पद्म + रेणु + निभ)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifier of pāṃsubhiḥ)
kīrṇācovered, strewn
kīrṇā:
Karta (कर्ता; predicate participle of Sītā)
TypeVerb
Root√kṝ (धातु) + kta (क्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘strewn/covered’
śubhaiḥauspicious, pure
śubhaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument; descriptive)
TypeAdjective
Rootśubha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifier of pāṃsubhiḥ)
kedārapāṃsubhiḥwith dust of paddy-fields
kedārapāṃsubhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootkedāra-pāṃsu (प्रातिपदिक; केदार + पांसु)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

She had risen from the land when tilled by the plough and was covered with auspicious paddy dust resembling the pollen grains of lotuses, this daughter of Janaka, the great righteous ruler of Mithila, This lady with unswerving devotion to her husband.

S
Sītā
E
Earth (Medinī)

FAQs

Dharma is linked to sacred origin and purity: Sītā’s emergence from the earth symbolizes innocence and moral legitimacy, strengthening the ethical imperative to protect her and restore justice.

Hanumān recalls the traditional account of Sītā’s miraculous discovery in the ploughed field, underscoring her sanctity while he plans the next steps in Laṅkā.

Sītā’s auspicious purity and inherent dignity—qualities that demand dharmic protection and truthful advocacy.