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Shloka 19

Karma, Preta-gati, and the Continuity of Phala

Mārkaṇḍeya’s Instruction

वेद्यं च ब्राह्मणेनेह तद्‌ भवान्‌ वेत्ति केवलम्‌ | सर्पराज ततः: श्र॒त्वा प्रतिवक्ष्यामि ते वच:,सर्पराज! ब्राह्मणको इस जीवनमें जो कुछ जानना चाहिये, वह केवल तत्त्व तुम जानते हो या नहीं। यह सुनकर मैं तुम्हारे प्रश्नोंका उत्तर दूँगा

vedyaṃ ca brāhmaṇeneha tad bhavān vetti kevalam | sarparāja tataḥ śrutvā prativakṣyāmi te vacaḥ ||

युधिष्ठिर बोले—हे सर्पराज! इस लोक में ब्राह्मण को जो जानना चाहिए, उसे तुम ही पूर्णतः जानते हो। यह सुनकर, हे सर्पराज, मैं तुम्हारे वचनों (प्रश्नों) का उत्तर दूँगा।

वेद्यम्to be known, knowable
वेद्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवेद्य
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ब्राह्मणेनby a Brahmin
ब्राह्मणेन:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
इहhere, in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
भवान्you (honorific)
भवान्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वेत्तिknows
वेत्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
केवलम्only, solely
केवलम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकेवल
सर्पराजO king of serpents
सर्पराज:
TypeNoun
Rootसर्पराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active
प्रतिवक्ष्यामिI shall answer, reply
प्रतिवक्ष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormFuture (simple), First, Singular, Parasmaipada, प्रति
तेto you / your
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive/Dative, Singular
वचःspeech; words (i.e., question)
वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सर्पराजO king of serpents
सर्पराज:
TypeNoun
Rootसर्पराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
S
Sarparāja (Nāga-king)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames true knowledge (vedya) as ethically charged—what a brāhmaṇa ought to know—and presents humility before wisdom: Yudhiṣṭhira acknowledges the Serpent-King’s mastery and commits to answering carefully after listening.

In the Vana Parva dialogue setting, Yudhiṣṭhira addresses the Nāga-king respectfully, recognizes him as a knower of the essential brahminical knowledge, and signals that after hearing the king’s words/questions he will respond.