Shloka 34

Devanagari script

उपर्युपरि शैलस्य गुहा: परमदुर्गमा: । सुदुर्गमांस्ते सुबहूनू सुखेनैवाभिचक्रमु:

Transliteration

uparyupari śailasya guhāḥ paramadurgamāḥ | sudurgamāṃs te subahūnū sukhenāivābhicakramuḥ ||

Translation

पर्वत के ऊँचे-ऊँचे भागों में अत्यन्त दुर्गम गुफाएँ थीं। तथापि वे उन अनेक कठिन मार्गों को भी सहजता से पार करते हुए निरन्तर आगे बढ़ते चले गए।

Word by Word

• upari: above
• upari: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: upari

• upari: above (again); higher and higher
• upari: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: upari

• śailasya: of the mountain
• śailasya: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: śaila
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• guhāḥ: caves
• guhāḥ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: guhā
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• parama-durgamāḥ: extremely difficult to access
• parama-durgamāḥ: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parama-durgama
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• su-durgamān: very difficult (places/paths)
• su-durgamān: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su-durgama
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• te: they
• te: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: tad
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• su-bahūn: very many
• su-bahūn: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su-bahu
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• sukhena: with ease
• sukhena: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: sukha
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• eva: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva

• abhi-cakramuḥ: they traversed/went over
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-√kram
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• mountain (śaila)
• caves (guhāḥ)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights steadfastness: even when the path is inherently difficult (durgama), disciplined effort and unity of purpose can make arduous obstacles feel surmountable.

What is happening in the narrative?

The narrator describes travelers moving across a mountain region where caves lie high above and are hard to reach; despite the danger and difficulty, they pass through many such places with apparent ease.