Udyoga Parva Adhyaya 89 Shloka 30 - Mahabharata | Hindi | Vedapath

Vyasa

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Shloka 30

Kṛṣṇa at Duryodhana’s House: Refusal of Hospitality and Departure to Vidura (कृष्णस्य धार्तराष्ट्रनिवेशनगमनम्)

Devanagari script

तेजसा5<दित्यसदृशो महर्षिसदृशो दमे । क्षमया पृथिवीतुल्यो महेन्द्रसमविक्रम:

Transliteration

tejasā ādityasadṛśo maharṣisadṛśo dame | kṣamayā pṛthivītulyo mahendrasamavikramaḥ ||

Translation

वैशम्पायन बोले— वह तेज में सूर्य के समान है; इन्द्रिय-निग्रह में महर्षियों के समान; क्षमा में पृथ्वी के तुल्य; और पराक्रम में महेन्द्र (इन्द्र) के समकक्ष है।

Word by Word

तेजसाby/with splendor, by brilliance

आदित्य-सदृशःlike the Sun

महर्षि-सदृशःlike great sages

दमेin self-control, in restraint

क्षमयाby/with forbearance, by patience

पृथिवी-तुल्यःequal to the earth (in patience)

महेन्द्र-सम-विक्रमःwhose valor is equal to Mahendra (Indra)

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vaiśaṃpāyana

Āditya (Sun)

Maharṣis (great seers)

Pṛthivī (Earth)

Mahendra/Indra

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse presents an ethical ideal of integrated excellence: brilliance (tejas) must be balanced by self-restraint (dama) and forbearance (kṣamā). True kṣatriya greatness is not only martial prowess but also disciplined senses and patient endurance.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Udyoga Parva’s pre-war setting, Vaiśaṃpāyana describes a hero (contextually Arjuna in the surrounding passage) through a chain of comparisons—Sun, sages, Earth, and Indra—highlighting the qualities that make him the Pandavas’ main support and a decisive force in the coming conflict.