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Shloka 21

Saṃjaya’s Warning to Dhṛtarāṣṭra: Accountability, Alliance-Shift, and the Pāṇḍava Strategic Edge

तव पुत्रो महाराज नानुशोचितुमहसि । द्यूतकाले मया चोक्त विदुरेण च धीमता

tava putro mahārāja nānuśocitum arhasi | dyūtakāle mayā coktaṃ vidureṇa ca dhīmatā ||

संजय बोले—महाराज, तुम्हें अपने पुत्र के लिए शोक नहीं करना चाहिए। द्यूत-क्रीड़ा के समय मैंने और बुद्धिमान् विदुर ने भी तुम्हें यही कहा था।

तवof you/your
तव:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootत्वद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अनुशोचितुम्to lament/weep over
अनुशोचितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-शुच्
FormInfinitive (tumun)
अर्हसिyou ought/are fit
अर्हसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
द्यूतकालेat the time of the dice-game
द्यूतकाले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्यूतकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उक्तम्said/spoken
उक्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPast passive participle (kta), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
विदुरेणby Vidura
विदुरेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविदुर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धीमताby the wise (one)
धीमता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootधीमत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
V
Vidura
D
Duryodhana
P
Pāṇḍavas
D
dice-game (dyūta)

Educational Q&A

A ruler must not indulge blind attachment and repetitive grief; he must act responsibly by restraining wrongdoing—especially when wise counsel has already warned of the consequences.

Sañjaya addresses Dhṛtarāṣṭra, reminding him that during the dice-game both he and Vidura had advised the king to control Duryodhana. He urges Dhṛtarāṣṭra to stop lamenting and instead curb Duryodhana’s hostile conduct toward the Pāṇḍavas.