Shloka 7
Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 137 — Bhīṣma–Droṇa Counsel and the Ethics of Restraint
Devanagari script
प्रत्यक्ष ते महाबाहो यथा पार्थेन धीमता । विराटनगरे पूर्व सर्वे सम युधि निर्जिता:
Translation
महाबाहो! यह तुम्हारे सामने ही हुआ था कि कुछ ही समय पहले विराटनगर के युद्ध में परम बुद्धिमान् पार्थ ने हम सबको समर में परास्त कर दिया था।
Word by Word
प्रत्यक्षम्directly, before (one's) eyes
प्रत्यक्षम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रत्यक्ष
FormAvyaya (adverbial accusative usage)
तेof you/your
ते:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
महाबाहोO mighty-armed one
महाबाहो:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाबाहु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
FormAvyaya
पार्थेनby Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
धीमताby the wise/intelligent one
धीमता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootधीमत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
विराटनगरेin the city of Virata
विराटनगरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविराटनगर
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
पूर्वम्formerly, earlier
पूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
FormAvyaya (temporal adverb)
सर्वेall (of us/they all)
सर्वे:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समम्together, equally, all at once
समम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम
FormAvyaya (adverb)
युधिin battle
युधि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुध्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
निर्जिताःdefeated, vanquished
निर्जिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्जित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural (past passive participle of √जि with nis-)
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes