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Shloka 14

अध्याय १२२ — कृष्णस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति नीत्युपदेशः

Kṛṣṇa’s Ethical Counsel to Duryodhana

पितामह् उवाच बहुवर्षसहस्रान्तं प्रजापालनवर्धितम्‌ । अनेकक्रतुदानौधैर्यत्‌ त्वयोपार्जितं फलम्‌

pitāmaha uvāca bahuvarṣasahasrāntaṃ prajā-pālana-vardhitam | aneka-kratu-dāna-aughair yat tvayopārjitaṃ phalam ||

पितामह बोले—राजेन्द्र! अनेक सहस्र वर्षों तक अनेक यज्ञों और दानों की धाराओं से जो पुण्यफल तुमने कमाया था और प्रजापालन-धर्म से जिसे बढ़ाया था, वह सब अभिमानरूपी दोष से नष्ट हो गया। उसी अहंकार के कारण तुम गिराए गए और स्वर्गवासियों ने तुम्हें धिक्कारा।

पितामहःthe grandsire (Bhīṣma)
पितामहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
बहु-वर्ष-सहस्र-अन्तम्extending to many thousands of years
बहु-वर्ष-सहस्र-अन्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रजा-पालन-वर्धितम्increased by the protection of subjects
प्रजा-पालन-वर्धितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्धित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनेक-क्रतु-दान-ओघैःby floods/abundance of many sacrifices and gifts
अनेक-क्रतु-दान-ओघैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootओघ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
यत्which (that)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormInstrumental, Singular
उपार्जितम्acquired/earned
उपार्जितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउप-आर्ज्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
फलम्fruit/result (merit)
फलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootफल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

पितामह् उवाच

P
Pitāmaha (Bhīṣma)
A
a king (addressed as rājendra in the prose gloss)
S
Svarga (heaven) and its residents (implied in the gloss)

Educational Q&A

Even vast merit gained through sacrifices, charity, and righteous kingship can be nullified by pride; arrogance leads to moral downfall and loss of honor.

Pitāmaha (Bhīṣma) admonishes a king, explaining that the king’s long-earned spiritual merit—built by yajñas, gifts, and protection of subjects—was destroyed because of pride, resulting in his fall and condemnation by heavenly beings.