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Shloka 38

Yudhiṣṭhira’s Lament for Karṇa and Renunciation-Oriented Self-Assessment (शोक-प्रलापः / त्याग-प्रवृत्तिः)

त्यागवांश्व पुनः पापं नालंकर्तुमिति श्रुति: । त्यागवाञ्जन्ममरणे नाप्रोतीति श्रुतिर्यदा

tyāgavāṃś ca punaḥ pāpaṃ nālaṅkartum iti śrutiḥ | tyāgavāñ janma-maraṇe nāprāpnotīti śrutir yadā ||

युधिष्ठिर बोले— श्रुति कहती है कि त्यागी पुरुष फिर पाप को ‘आभूषण’ की भाँति नहीं अपना सकता, अर्थात उसे जान-बूझकर जीवन-मार्ग नहीं बना सकता। और जब वही श्रुति यह भी कहती है कि त्यागी जन्म-मरण के चक्र में नहीं पड़ता, तब इन दोनों उपदेशों का संगत अर्थ कैसे समझा जाए?

त्यागवान्one who has renunciation; the renouncer
त्यागवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्यागवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पुनःagain; further
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पापम्sin; evil
पापम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अलङ्कर्तुम्to adorn; to take on; to assume
अलङ्कर्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअलङ्कृ
Formतुमुन्, Infinitive, Parasmaipada/Atmanepada (root-dependent)
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
श्रुतिःscriptural statement; tradition; śruti
श्रुतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
त्यागवान्the renouncer
त्यागवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्यागवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जन्ममरणेin birth and death
जन्ममरणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजन्ममरण
FormNeuter, Locative, Dual
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आप्नोतिattains; reaches; obtains
आप्नोति:
TypeVerb
Rootआप्
FormLat (Present), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
श्रुतिःśruti; scriptural statement
श्रुतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira

Educational Q&A

Renunciation is presented as ethically transformative: a true renouncer should not deliberately return to sinful conduct, and renunciation is linked—per śruti—to freedom from the bondage of repeated birth and death. The verse frames a doctrinal question about how these scriptural claims cohere.

In the Śānti Parva’s dharma-discourse setting, Yudhiṣṭhira raises a pointed inquiry about scriptural authority: he cites śruti statements on the renouncer’s relation to sin and to saṃsāra, seeking clarification on their precise meaning and implications.