Shloka 19

Rājā–Rāja-Śabda-Prabhavaḥ — The Origin and Rationale of Kingship and Daṇḍanīti

Devanagari script

तांस्तु कामवशं प्राप्तान्‌ रागो नाम समस्पृशत्‌ । रक्ताश्न नाभ्यजानन्त कार्याकार्ये युधिष्ठिर

Transliteration

tāṁs tu kāmavaśaṁ prāptān rāgo nāma samaspṛśat | raktāś ca nābhyajānanta kāryākārye yudhiṣṭhira ||

Translation

काम के वश में पड़े उन मनुष्यों को फिर राग ने आ घेरा। उससे रक्त होकर, हे युधिष्ठिर, वे यह न जान सके कि क्या कर्तव्य है और क्या अकर्तव्य।

Word by Word

• तान्: them
• तान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• काम-वशम्: under the control of desire
• काम-वशम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कामवश
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• प्राप्तान्: having reached / fallen into
• प्राप्तान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र-आप् (प्राप्त)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• रागः: passion/attachment
• रागः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राग
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नाम: called/namely
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाम

• समस्पृशत्: touched/seized
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + स्पृश्
• Form: Imperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• रक्ताः: inflamed/attached
• रक्ताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रक्त
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• अभ्यजानन्त: knew/recognized
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + ज्ञा
• Form: Imperfect, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• कार्य-अकार्ये: in (matters of) what should be done and what should not be done
• कार्य-अकार्ये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कार्य + अकार्य
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Dual

• युधिष्ठिर: O Yudhiṣṭhira
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Yudhishthira