Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 33

राजधर्मप्रश्नः — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry into Rājadharma (Śānti-parva 56)

राजद्विषप्टे च विप्रस्य विषयान्ते विसर्जनम्‌ | विधीयते न शारीरं दण्डमेषां कदाचन

rājadvīṣa-pāṭe ca viprasya viṣayānte visarjanam | vidhīyate na śārīraṃ daṇḍam eṣāṃ kadācana prajānātha |

राजा से वैर रखने पर भी ब्राह्मण के लिये राज्य-सीमा के अन्त तक निर्वासन ही विधान है। हे प्रजानाथ! ऐसे जनों को कभी शारीरिक दण्ड नहीं देना चाहिये; ब्रह्महत्या, गुरुपत्नीगमन, भ्रूणहत्या और राजद्रोह जैसे अपराधों में भी दया-युक्त न्याय यही है कि उसे देश से निकाल दिया जाये।

राजद्विषप्टेin (the case of) treason/hostility to the king
राजद्विषप्टे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजद्विषप्ट
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विप्रस्यof a Brahmin
विप्रस्य:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
विषयान्तेat the boundary/end of the realm
विषयान्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविषयान्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
विसर्जनम्banishment/expulsion (sending away)
विसर्जनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविसर्जन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
विधीयतेis prescribed/ordained
विधीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootधा (वि + धा)
FormPresent, Passive, Third, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शारीरम्bodily/physical
शारीरम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootशारीर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दण्डम्punishment
दण्डम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एषाम्of these (persons/offenders)
एषाम्:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
कदाचनever/at any time
कदाचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदाचन

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
King (addressed as Prajānātha)
B
Brahmin (vipra)
R
Realm/territory (viṣaya)

Educational Q&A

Royal punishment must be restrained by dharma: even in cases like hostility to the king, a Brahmin is to be punished by banishment to the frontier, not by bodily harm, reflecting a norm of protecting the Brahmin’s person and emphasizing mercy within justice.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rāja-dharma, Bhishma advises the king on legal penalties. Here he specifies that for a Brahmin accused of grave political offence (hostility/treason), the ordained response is expulsion from the kingdom rather than corporal punishment.