Shloka 15
कपिल–स्यूमरश्मि संवादः
Kapila and Syūmaraśmi on Renunciation, Householder Support, and Epistemic Authority
Devanagari script
यदा चायं न बिभेति यदा चास्मान्न बिभ्यति | यदा नेच्छति न देष्टि ब्रह्म सम्पद्यते तदा
Translation
जब यह पुरुष न किसी से भय करता है, न कोई प्राणी इससे भय करता है; और जब यह न किसी की इच्छा करता है, न किसी से द्वेष—तब यह ब्रह्मभाव को प्राप्त होता है।
Word by Word
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अयम्this (person)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
बिभेतिfears
बिभेति:
TypeVerb
Rootभी
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अस्मात्from me/this person; from him (i.e., from this one)
अस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Ablative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
बिभ्यतिfear
बिभ्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootभी
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
इच्छतिdesires
इच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
देष्टिhates
देष्टि:
TypeVerb
Rootद्विष्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
ब्रह्मBrahman; the Absolute
ब्रह्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सम्पद्यतेbecomes; attains
सम्पद्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + पद्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
Speaker
तुलाधार उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes