Shloka 21
त्रिवर्गविचारः
Tri-varga Deliberation: Dharma, Artha, Kāma
Devanagari script
सर्वग्राम्यास्तथा53रण्या याश्न लोके प्रवृत्तय: । निन्दां चैव प्रशंसां च यो नाश्रयति मुच्यते
Translation
जगत में ग्राम्य और आरण्य—सब प्रकार की जो प्रवृत्तियाँ हैं, जो उनका सेवन नहीं करता और निन्दा तथा प्रशंसा—दोनों का आश्रय नहीं लेता, वही मुक्त हो जाता है।
Word by Word
सर्वग्राम्याःall (those) belonging to villages
सर्वग्राम्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्वग्राम्य
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तथाand likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अरण्याःforest(-dwellers) / those of the forest
अरण्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअरण्य
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
याःwhich
याः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
इहhere (in this world)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्रवृत्तयःtendencies / ways of conduct
प्रवृत्तयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
निन्दाम्blame / censure
निन्दाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिन्दा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
प्रशंसाम्praise
प्रशंसाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रशंसा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
आश्रयतिresorts to / takes refuge in / depends on
आश्रयति:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-श्रि
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
मुच्यतेis freed / is released
मुच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootमुच्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Atmanepada (passive sense)
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes