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Shloka 6

Daṇḍa-svarūpa-nirūpaṇa

The Nature, Forms, and Function of Daṇḍa

यस्मिन्नर्थे हितं॑ यत्‌ स्यात्‌ तद्धर्ण रूपमादिशेत्‌ | बहुरूपस्य राज्ञो हि सूक्ष्मो5प्यर्थों न सीदति

yasminn arthe hitaṃ yat syāt tad dharma-rūpam ādiśet | bahu-rūpasya rājño hi sūkṣmo 'py artho na sīdati ||

भीष्म बोले— जिस कार्य में जो हितकर हो, उसमें राजा को वैसा ही धर्मोचित रूप प्रकट करना चाहिए। क्योंकि जो राजा अनेक रूप धारण करना जानता है, उसका सूक्ष्म-सा कार्य भी बिगड़ता नहीं— अपराधी को दण्ड देते समय वह उग्र हो और दीन-दुखियों की रक्षा करते समय शान्त व करुण।

यस्मिन्in which
यस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
अर्थेin a matter/purpose
अर्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
हितम्beneficial, proper
हितम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहित
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यत्whatever (that which)
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्may be/should be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धर्मरूपम्a form in accordance with dharma
धर्मरूपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मरूप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आदिशेत्should prescribe/indicate
आदिशेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ√दिश्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
बहुरूपस्यof the many-formed (versatile)
बहुरूपस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुरूप
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
सूक्ष्मःsubtle/small
सूक्ष्मः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसूक्ष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अर्थःmatter/aim
अर्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सीदतिfails/sinks/comes to ruin
सीदति:
TypeVerb
Root√सद्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (rājā)

Educational Q&A

A ruler should frame and execute actions in a dharmic manner suited to the situation—stern when restraining wrongdoing, gentle when protecting the vulnerable—because adaptable, context-appropriate conduct prevents even small affairs from going wrong.

In Bhishma’s instruction on rajadharma in the Shanti Parva, he advises the king on effective ethical governance: the king must adopt different outward ‘forms’ or demeanors according to what truly serves welfare, so that administration remains successful.