Shloka 47
उपायधर्म-सेनायोगः
Upāya-dharma and Senāyoga: Expedient Ethics & Army Deployment
संहतान् योधयेदल्पान् काम॑ विस्तारयेद् बहुन् । सूचीमुखमनीकं स्यादल्पानां बहुभि: सह
saṁhatān yodhayed alpān kāmaṁ vistārayed bahūn | sūcīmukham anīkaṁ syād alpānāṁ bahubhiḥ saha ||
यदि अपने पास थोड़े-से सैनिक हों तो उन्हें एक साथ संघबद्ध रखकर युद्ध करने का आदेश देना चाहिए; और यदि बहुत-से योद्धा हों तो उन्हें इच्छानुसार दूर-दूर तक फैलाकर रखना चाहिए। और जब थोड़े-से सैनिकों को बहुतों के साथ युद्ध करना हो, तब उनके लिए ‘सूचीमुख’ नामक व्यूह उपयुक्त माना जाता है।
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma teaches adaptive leadership in warfare: concentrate a small force into a cohesive, disciplined mass, but deploy a large force with breadth and flexibility. When outnumbered, use a formation like Sūcīmukha that focuses power into a penetrating point, minimizing the disadvantages of being few.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhishma advises the king on practical conduct of war and army deployment. Here he gives a rule-of-thumb for arranging troops based on relative numbers and recommends the Sūcīmukha formation when a smaller contingent must face a larger one.