Shloka 25
Adhyāya 6: Śibira-dvāra-sthita Bhūta-varṇana and Aśvatthāmā’s Śaraṇāgati to Mahādeva
Devanagari script
यदुद्यम्य महत् कृत्यं भयादपि निवर्तते । अशक्तिश्चैव तत् कर्तु कर्म शक्तिबलादिह
Translation
जो मनुष्य किसी महान् कार्य का आरम्भ करके भी भय के कारण उससे पीछे हट जाता है, और यहाँ शक्ति-बल होते हुए भी उस कर्म को करने में असमर्थ हो जाता है—मनीषी पुरुष उसी को अत्यन्त भयंकर आपत्ति कहते हैं।
Word by Word
यत्that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
उद्यम्यhaving undertaken / having set about
उद्यम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-यम्
FormLyap (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
महत्great
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कृत्यम्task / duty / undertaking
कृत्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकृत्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भयात्from fear / out of fear
भयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
अपिeven / also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
निवर्ततेturns back / desists
निवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-वृत्
FormLat, Present, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
अशक्तिःinability / incapacity
अशक्तिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअ-शक्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तत्that (task)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कर्तुम्to do
कर्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormTumun (infinitive), Non-finite
कर्मact / work
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शक्ति-बलात्due to (lack of) power and strength / from power-strength
शक्ति-बलात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootशक्ति + बल
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
इहhere / in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes