Shloka 34

Devanagari script

अद्य दुर्योधनो राजा आत्मानं चानुशोचताम्‌

Transliteration

adya duryodhano rājā ātmānaṃ cānuśocatām

Translation

संजय बोले—आज राजा दुर्योधन शोक से व्याकुल होकर अपने ही लिए विलाप कर रहा है।

Word by Word

• अद्य: today / now
• अद्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य
• Form: indeclinable (temporal adverb)

• दुर्योधनः: Duryodhana
• दुर्योधनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• राजा: king
• राजा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• आत्मानम्: himself / self
• आत्मानम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन्
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: indeclinable (conjunction)

• अनुशोचताम्: they lament / they grieve
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनुशुच्
• Form: present (lat), 3rd person, plural; parasmaipada

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Duryodhana

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A ruler who pursues power through stubbornness and unrighteous means can end in self-directed grief; inner suffering becomes a consequence of ethical failure, not merely external defeat.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Duryodhana is in a state of lamentation, grieving for himself—an indication of distress and shaken resolve amid the unfolding calamities of the Kurukṣetra war.