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Shloka 18

कर्णवधोत्तरं शल्य-दुर्योधनसंवादः

Aftermath of Karṇa’s Fall: Śalya’s Address to Duryodhana

तेनाद्य तप्स्ये भृशमप्रमेयं यच्छत्रुवर्गे नरक प्रविष्ट: । तदैव वाच्यो5स्मि ननु त्वयाहं न योत्स्ये5हं सूतपुत्रं कथंचित्‌

tenādya tapsye bhṛśam aprameyaṁ yac chatruvarge naraka praviṣṭaḥ | tadaiva vācyo ’smi nanu tvayāhaṁ na yotsye ’haṁ sūtaputraṁ kathaṁcit ||

इसी कारण आज मैं अत्यन्त कठोर और अपरिमेय तप करूँगा, क्योंकि शत्रुओं की पंक्तियों के बीच मैं नरक में गिर पड़ा हूँ। और तुम मुझे वही बात स्मरण करा सकते हो जो मैंने तुमसे कही थी—‘मैं किसी भी दशा में सूतपुत्र से युद्ध नहीं करूँगा।’

तेनby that (reason/act)
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, singular
अद्यtoday/now
अद्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
तप्स्येI shall do penance / I shall suffer austerity
तप्स्ये:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootतप्
Formfuture, 1st, singular, parasmaipada
भृशम्exceedingly, greatly
भृशम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभृशम्
अप्रमेयम्immeasurable (thing/extent)
अप्रमेयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रमेय
Formneuter, accusative, singular
यत्which/that (fact) that
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
शत्रु-वर्गेin the host/group of enemies
शत्रु-वर्गे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु-वर्ग
Formmasculine, locative, singular
नरकO Naraka (address)
नरक:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootनरक
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
प्रविष्टःhaving entered / entered
प्रविष्टः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-विश्
Formpast passive participle, masculine, nominative, singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
एवindeed, just
एव:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
वाच्यःto be called / to be spoken of
वाच्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवाच्य
Formgerundive (to be said/called), masculine, nominative, singular
अस्मिI am
अस्मि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formpresent, 1st, singular, parasmaipada
ननुindeed, surely (particle)
ननु:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootननु
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
Formcommon, nominative, singular
not
:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Root
योत्स्येI shall fight
योत्स्ये:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
Formfuture, 1st, singular, ātmanepada
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
Formcommon, nominative, singular
सूत-पुत्रम्the charioteer’s son
सूत-पुत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूत-पुत्र
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
कथंचित्in any way, at all
कथंचित्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचित्

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
sūtaputra (Karṇa)
Ś
śatruvarga (enemy host)
N
naraka (hell)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights moral accountability to one’s own words: a prior resolve or vow carries ethical weight even amid battlefield pressure, and breaking it can feel like a fall into ‘hell’—a state of intense remorse and self-condemnation.

Sañjaya reports a speaker’s anguish at being trapped among enemies and declares an intention to undertake severe penance. He recalls a previous statement—‘I will not fight the sūtaputra (Karṇa)’—and insists that this resolve should be held against him as his binding word.