Shloka 9

Devanagari script

कार्मुकैरुपपन्नेन विमलादित्यवर्चसा । रथेनाभिपताकेन सूतपुत्रो5 भ्यदृश्यत

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | kārmukair upapannena vimalādityavarcasā | rathenābhipatākena sūtaputro 'bhyadṛśyata ||

Translation

संजय बोले—तदनन्तर अनेक धनुषों से सम्पन्न, निर्मल सूर्य के समान तेजस्वी और बहु-पताकाओं से सुशोभित रथ पर आरूढ़ सूतपुत्र कर्ण दृष्टिगोचर हुआ।

Word by Word

• कार्मुकैः: with bows
• कार्मुकैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कार्मुक
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• उपपन्नेन: provided/possessed (with)
• उपपन्नेन: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उपपन्न
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• विमल: pure, spotless
• विमल: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विमल
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• आदित्य: sun
• आदित्य: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदित्य
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• वर्चसा: by splendor
• वर्चसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्चस्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• रथेन: by/with a chariot
• रथेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• अभिपताकेन: having banners all around / bannered
• अभिपताकेन: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभिपताक
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• सूतपुत्रः: the charioteer’s son (Karna)
• सूतपुत्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूतपुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अभ्यदृश्यत: was seen / appeared
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Ātmanepada (passive sense: 'was seen')

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Karṇa (Sūtaputra)
• chariot (ratha)
• bows (kārmuka)
• Sun (Āditya)
• banners/standards (patākā)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the contrast between external glory (radiance, banners, weaponry) and the grave ethical reality of war: splendor can intensify a warrior’s aura, but it does not by itself resolve the underlying dharma-conflict that the battle embodies.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Karṇa becomes visible, arriving ready for battle on a chariot richly equipped with bows and adorned with many banners, shining with sun-like brilliance.