Shloka 48
धृष्टद्युम्नस्य द्रोणरथारोহণं सात्यकेः प्रतिरक्षणं च | Dhrishtadyumna Boards Droṇa’s Chariot; Sātyaki’s Counter-Protection
Devanagari script
स नून॑ बहुभियत्तिर्युध्यमानो नरर्षभै:
Transliteration
sa nūnaṃ bahubhir yattir yudhyamāno nararṣabhaiḥ
Translation
संजय बोले—निश्चय ही, युद्ध में प्रयत्न करते हुए वह अब मनुष्यों में वृषभ-तुल्य अनेक वीरों से जूझ रहा है।
Word by Word
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नूनम्surely, indeed
नूनम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनूनम्
बहुभिःby many (persons)
बहुभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
यत्तिःeffort, exertion
यत्तिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयत्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
युध्यमानःfighting
युध्यमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
Formशानच् (present active participle, Ātmanepada usage), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
नरर्षभैःby the best of men (bulls among men)
नरर्षभैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनरर्षभ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaA
an unnamed warrior (saḥ)N
naraṛṣabhāḥ (elite warriors)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The line highlights the ideal of steadfast exertion in one’s appointed role: in the chaos of war, a warrior’s resolve is measured by continued effort even when opposed by many formidable opponents.
Sañjaya describes a combatant who, while striving intensely, is engaged in battle against numerous eminent warriors—emphasizing the pressure and scale of the confrontation.