Shloka 39
द्रोणपर्व — अध्याय १६२: प्रातःसंध्यायां युद्धप्रवृत्तिः तथा रजोमेघे संमूढता
Devanagari script
इत्युक्त: परुषं वाक्यं पार्षतेन द्विजोत्तम:
Transliteration
ity uktaḥ paruṣaṁ vākyaṁ pārṣatena dvijottamaḥ
Translation
संजय बोले—पृषतीपुत्र (धृष्टद्युम्न) के कठोर वचनों से इस प्रकार संबोधित होकर वह द्विजोत्तम तीखे प्रतिवचन से आहत हुआ।
Word by Word
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उक्तःhaving been spoken to / addressed
उक्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (उक्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (past passive participle)
परुषम्harsh
परुषम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपरुष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वाक्यम्speech; words; statement
वाक्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पार्षतेनby the son of Pṛṣat (Dṛṣṭadyumna)
पार्षतेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपार्षत
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
द्विजोत्तमःthe best of the twice-born (a foremost Brahmin)
द्विजोत्तमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजोत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaP
Pārṣata (son of Pṛṣatī; epithet)D
Dvijottama (foremost Brahmin; unspecified in this half-verse)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights the ethical weight of speech: in the turmoil of battle, harsh words can arise even toward the venerable, making self-control (vāg-dama) and respectful conduct part of one’s dharma.
Sañjaya reports that a ‘Pārṣata’ figure has spoken harshly to a ‘dvijottama’ (a foremost Brahmin). This line sets up the ensuing reaction and consequences of that rebuke within the Drona Parva war narrative.