Shloka 5
Devanagari script
तेषु कालपरीतेषु विनश्यत्स्वेव भारत । कालपर्यायमाज्ञाय मा सम शोके मन: कृथा:,भारत! वे कालके अधीन होकर जब नष्ट होने लगें, तब इसे कालका चक्कर समझकर मनमें शोक न करना
Transliteration
teṣu kālaparīteṣu vinaśyatsv eva bhārata | kālaparyāyam ājñāya mā sma śoke manaḥ kṛthāḥ ||
Translation
हे भारत! जब वे सब काल के वशीभूत होकर स्वयं नष्ट होने लगें, तब इसे काल-चक्र का फेर समझकर मन में शोक मत करना।
Word by Word
तेषुin/among those
तेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, locative, plural
कालपरीतेषुwhen overtaken by Time
कालपरीतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootकालपरीत
Formmasculine/neuter, locative, plural
विनश्यत्सुwhile (they) are perishing
विनश्यत्सु:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootविनश्
Formmasculine/neuter, locative, plural
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
कालपर्यायम्the course/turn of Time
कालपर्यायम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकालपर्याय
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
आज्ञायhaving understood/knowing
आज्ञाय:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
Formabsolutive (ktvā/lyap)
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
समexcessively/altogether
सम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम
शोकेin grief
शोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशोक
Formmasculine, locative, singular
मनःmind
मनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
कृथाःmake/do
कृथाः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formimperative, 2nd, singular, parasmaipada
Speaker
व्यास उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
Bhārata (address to a Kuru descendant)K
Kāla (Time)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Recognize destruction as governed by kāla (Time) and avoid being overwhelmed by śoka (grief); cultivate steadiness by seeing events as part of Time’s inevitable cycle.
The speaker addresses a Kuru (Bhārata), counseling that as warriors begin to perish under the force of Time, one should understand this as Time’s turning and not succumb to lamentation.